Abstract
This article is intended to provide a brief history of breastfeeding and different movements that have taken place in order to rescue this practice since the 70s, which had repercussions in Brazil with the defi nition of various strategies and actions in the fi eld of public policy. It highlights the scientifi c evidence on the role of breastfeeding in reducing infant mortality and called attention to the latest studies linking breastfeeding to prevent chronic diseases. Finally, emphasis is on the importance of breastfeeding for the integral development of the child; It highlights that the evidence presented in this brief essay should have important implications for child health policies, especially those related to the development of Early Childhood, since strongly suggest that investing in breastfeeding promotion may result not only in improved physical health but also the promotion of better intellectual and psycho-emotional outcomes.
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