Conceito de redução de danos em políticas públicas relacionadas a drogas

Abstract

The consumption of psychoactive substances is an ancient habit, but since the 19th century, there has been a prohibitionist movement, which has a hegemonic role in the issue of drugs and dictates social control using criminal tools. The issue of drugs, under a warlike and criminalizing bias, does not have the expected positive effect: the eradication or reduction of drug use; and, on the contrary, it brings harm such as the marginalization of the user, the restriction of their right to health and of being able to choose by purchasing better quality drugs. Marginalization also has an impact on criminal selectivity, where, mostly, men, young people and blacks people are part of high incarceration rates due to crimes related to drug crimes. There are still relationships between the phenomenon of violence and its articulation with drugs. As an alternative policy to probationism, Harm Reduction takes into account the complexity of the phenomenon and the multiplicity of variables, the individualization of risk in the scene of drug use. Such a policy has humanitarian law as a basic principle and considers vulnerability as the criterion of choice for the adoption of Harm Eeduction actions.