Genética e Hanseníase: uma percepção crítica de sua conceituação e evolução

AGUINALDO GONÇALVES

doi:10.47878/hi.1977.v2.36066

Authors

AGUINALDO GONÇALVES Médico especialista em Saúde Pública (Dermatologia Sanitária da Faculdade de Saúde Pública da USP) e pós-graduado em Genética do Instituto de Biociências da USP.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47878/hi.1977.v2.36066

Keywords:

Genetics, Hanseniasis, Blood groups, Australia antigen, Lisozyme, Dermatoglyphs

Abstract

In previous scientific papers, application of Genetics methodology to some human diseases has been reviewed. In this paper, the same is tried for hanseniasis. At first, controversies about the infectious or hereditary nature of the disease are discussed, since the polarization when it was defined last century, and through the successive improvements of knowledge about this interesting and fascinating problem, during the last decades. Next, some scientifically consistent discoveries are reviewed, mainly about familial environment, conjugal hanseniasis, twin affection, action of lisozyme and genetic markers, v.g., blood groups,' dermatoglyphs, seric enzymatic polimorphisms and Au antigen. Such information lead to a critical perception indicating that the two basic positions about the nosography of the disease must be redimensioned after a factual multicausality in natural history of the disease, and that the positivist unicausalist optics of determination should be abandoned. Snowing this, and chiefly the mentioned and
discussed evidences of genetic mechanisms in hanseniasis and the greater frequency of effective
transmission of M. leprae than the frequency of newly diagnosed cases, the application of an usual mendelian population model is presented, as a possible theoretical basis of heredity of the disease.

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