Evolução na vigilância laboratorial do Haemophilus influenzae nas meningites e pneumonias bacterianas, por PCR em tempo real, no Estado de São Paulo (2010-2019)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57148/bepa.2022.v.19.37293Palavras-chave:
h.influenzae, Meningites bacterianas, Pneumonias bacterianas, PCR em tempo real, DiagnósticoResumo
Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) é um importante patógeno causador de meningites (MB) e pneumonias bacterianas (PB), principalmente em países onde a imunoprevenção é precária ou inexistente. O Hi é classificado em tipáveis (sorotipos a, b, c, d, e, f) e não tipáveis (HiNt), de acordo com a presença ou ausência da cápsula polissacarídica, respectivamente. A cápsula é o principal fator de virulência dos Hi e o gene bexA, responsável pela sua expressão, é comumente empregado na detecção molecular e vigilância das MB e PB causadas por Hi. Em 2010, o Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL) implantou a PCR em tempo real (qPCR) empregando esse alvo genético para a detecção de Hi. Entretanto, relatos de falha na detecção de alguns Hi encapsulados e HiNt motivaram a substituição do gene alvo para essa bactéria. Desta forma, em agosto de 2012, o IAL fez a substituição do bexA pelo alvo genético hpd no ensaio de qPCR, permitindo a detecção de Hi tipáveis e não tipáveis. Neste estudo, avaliamos o impacto da substituição do alvo genético na vigilância das MB e PB analisando o emprego do alvo genético bexA, no período de 2010 a julho de 2012, em comparação com o emprego do hpd, de agosto de 2012 a 2019. Esta substituição promoveu a melhoria na detecção de variantes não vacinais de Hi nas MB e PB em 37% e 23%, respectivamente, com predomínio de Hia e HiNt, contribuindo para o aprimoramento da vigilância laboratorial...(AU)
Downloads
Métricas
Referências
Butler DF, Myers SA. Changing Epidemiology of Haemophilus influenzae in children. Infect DisClin North Am. 2018 Mar;32(1):119-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idc.2017.10.005 . Epub 2017 Dec 9. PMID: 29233576.
Liphaus BL, Ferreira PM, Endo JAG, Silva MR, Carvalhanas TR. Meningite: o que precisamos saber?. Boletim Epidemiológico Paulista (BEPA). 2018: 23-32. Disponível em:
https://www.saude.sp.gov.br/resources/ccd/homepage/bepa/edicao-2018/edicao_178_-_
outubro.pdf
Iser BP, Lima HC, Moraes C, Almeida RP, Watanabe LT, Alves SL, Lemos AP, Gorla MC, Gonçalves MG, Santos DA, Sobel J. Outbreak of Neisseria meningitidis C in workers at a large food-processing plant in Brazil: challenges of controlling disease spread to
the larger community. Epidemiol Infect. 2012 May;140(5):906-15. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268811001610 . Epub 2011 Aug 30. PMID: 21875453.
Pittman M. Variation and type specificity in the bacterial species Haemophilus influenzae. J Exp Med. 1931 Mar 31;53(4):471-92. https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.53.4.471 .PMID: 19869858; PMCID: PMC2131978.
Sutton A, Schneerson R, Kendall-Morris S, Robbins JB. Differential complement resistance mediates virulence of Haemophilus influenzae type b. Infect Immun. 1982 Jan;35(1):95-104.
https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.35.1.95-104.1982 . PMID: 6976328; PMCID: PMC351001.
Soeters HM, Oliver SE, Plumb ID, Blain AE, Zulz T, Simons BC, Barnes M, Farley MM, Harrison LH, Lynfield R, Massay S, McLaughlin J, Muse AG, Petit S, Schaffner W, Thomas A, Torres S, Watt J, Pondo T, Whaley MJ, Hu F, Wang X, Briere EC, Bruce MG. Epidemiology of Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Serotype a Disease-United States, 2008-2017. Clin Infect Dis. 2021
Jul 15;73(2):e371-e379. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa875 . PMID: 32589699.
Funkhouser A, Steinhoff MC, Ward J. Haemophilus influenzae disease and immunization in developing countries. Rev Infect Dis. 1991 May-Jun;13 Suppl 6: S542-54.
https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/13.Supplement_6.S542 . PMID: 1862284.
Van Eldere J, Slack MP, Ladhani S, Cripps AW. Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae, an under-recognised pathogen. Lancet Infect Dis. 2014 Dec;14(12):1281-92.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(14)70734-0 .Epub 2014 Jul 7. PMID: 25012226.
Langereis JD, Jonge MI. Invasive Disease Caused by Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae. Emerg Infect Dis. 2015 Oct;21(10):1711-8. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2110.150004 .PMID:
; PMCID: PMC4593434.
Zanella RC, Bokermann S, Andrade AL, Flannery B, Brandileone MC. Changes in serotype distribution of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis isolates identified through laboratory-based surveillance following routine childhood vaccination against H. influenzae type b in Brazil. Vaccine. 2011 Nov 8;29(48):893742.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.09.053 . Epub 2011 Sep 22. PMID: 21945960.
Slack MPE. A review of the role of Haemophilus influenzae in community-acquired pneumonia. Pneumonia (Nathan). 2015 Dec 1; 6:26-43.
https://doi.org/10.15172/pneu.2015.6/520 . PMID: 31641576; PMCID: PMC5922337.
Andrade AL, Andrade JG, Martelli CM, Silva SA, Oliveira RM, Costa MS, Laval CB, Ribeiro LH, Di Fabio JL. Effectiveness of Haemophilus influenzae b conjugate vaccine on childhood pneumonia: a case-control study in Brazil. Int J Epidemiol. 2004 Feb;33(1):
-81. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyh025 . PMID: 15075166.
Sacchi CT, Fukasawa LO, Gonçalves MG, Salgado MM, Shutt KA, Carvalhanas TR, Ribeiro AF, Kemp B, Gorla MC, Albernaz RK, Marques EG, Cruciano A, Waldman EA, Brandileone MC, Harrison LH; São Paulo RT-PCR Surveillance Project Team. Incorporation of real-time PCR into routine public health surveillance of culture negative bacterial meningitis in São Paulo, Brazil. PLoS One. 2011;6(6): e20675. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0020675 .Epub
Jun 22. PMID: 21731621; P MCID: PMC3120771.
Fukasawa LO, Salgado MM, Marques EGL, Fernandes RMBP, Kemp B, Carvalhanas TR, et. al. Validação da técnica de contraimunoeletroforese (CIE) para o diagnóstico laboratorial das meningites causadas por Neisseria meningitidis sorogrupos,
A, B, C e W135. Boletim Epidemiológico-BEPA. 2012;9(102): 13-20. Disponível em:
https://docs.bvsalud.org/biblioref/ses-sp/2012/ses-28031/ses-28031-4710.pdf
Ballard TL, Spangler A, Roe MH, Glode MP. Clinically significant cross-reactions with counterimmunoelectrophoresis between pneumococcus type 6 and Haemophilus influenzae type b. J Clin Microbiol. 1985 Nov;22(5):754-6.
https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.22.5.754-756.1985 .PMID: 3877075; PMCID: PMC268520.
Fukasawa LO, Salgado MM, Gonçalves MG, Custódio AV, Araújo TP, Carvalhanas TR, et al. Limitações no uso da técnica de contraimunoeletroforese (CIE) para o diagnóstico das meningites causadas por Haemophilus influenzae tipo b. Boletim Epidemiológico Paulista (BEPA). 2010;7(76):4-12. Disponivel em:
https://docs.bvsalud.org/biblioref/ses-sp/2010/ses-27936/ses-27936-4587.pdf
Gonçalves MG, Higa FT, Salgado MM, Fukasawa LO, Fernandes RMBP, Fernandes A, et al. Contribuição da PCR em tempo real para o fechamento de casos de meningites bacterianas no município de São Paulo. In: X Encontro do Instituto Adolfo Lutz. 2015. CD-ROM.
Falla TJ, Crook DW, Brophy LN, Maskell D, Kroll JS, Moxon ER. PCR for capsular typing of Haemophilus influenzae. J Clin Microbiol. 1994 Oct;32(10):2382-6.
https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.32.10.2382-2386.1994 . PMID: 7814470; PMCID: PMC264070.
Gonin P, Lorange M, Delage G. Performance of a multiplex PCR for the determination of Haemophilus influenzae capsular types in the clinical microbiology laboratory. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2000 May;37(1):1-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/SO732-8893(00)00116-4 .
PMID: 10794932.
Corless CE, Guiver M, Borrow R, Edwards-Jones V, Fox AJ, Kaczmarski EB. Simultaneous detection of Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, and Streptococcus pneumoniae in suspected cases of meningitis and septicemia using real-time PCR. J Clin
Microbiol. 2001 Apr;39(4):1553-8. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.39.4.1553-1558.2001 .
PMID: 11283086; PMCID: PMC87969.
Maaroufi Y, De Bruyne JM, Heymans C, Crokaert F. Real-time PCR for determining capsular serotypes of Haemophilus influenzae. J Clin Microbiol. 2007 Jul;45(7):2305-8.
https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00102-07 . Epub 2007 May 16. PMID: 17507524; PMCID:
PMC1932976.
Sam IC, Smith M. Failure to detect capsule gene bexA in Haemophilus influenzae types e and f by real-time PCR due to sequence variation within probe binding sites. J Med Microbiol. 2005 May;54(Pt 5):453-455. https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.45836-0 .PMID:
Kroll JS, Loynds B, Brophy LN, Moxon ER. The bex locus in encapsulated Haemophilus influenzae: a chromosomal region involved in capsule polysaccharide export. Mol Microbiol. 1990 Nov;4(11):1853-62. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1990.tb02034.x .
PMID: 2082145.
Cerquetti M, Giufrè M. Why we need a vaccine for non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2016 Sep;12(9):2357-61.
https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2016.1174354 .Epub 2016 May 12. PMID: 27171854;
PMCID: PMC5027700.
Romaneli MTDN, Tresoldi AT, Pereira RM, Garcia MT, Hofling CC, Resende MR. Invasive non-type b Haemophilus influenzae disease: report of eight cases. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2019 Apr-Jun;37(2):156-160.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/;2019;37;2;00006 .Epub 2019
Jan 7. PMID: 30624539; PMCID: PMC6651304.
Loeb MR, Smith DH. Outer membrane protein composition in disease isolates of Haemophilus influenzae: pathogenic and epidemiological implications. Infect Immun. 1980
Dec;30(3):709-17. https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.30.3.709-717.1980 .PMID: 6971807; PMCID:
PMC551373.
Nørskov-Lauritsen N. Detection of cryptic genospecies misidentified as Haemophilus influenzae in routine clinical samples by assessment of marker genes fucK, hap, and sodC. JClin Microbiol. 2009 Aug;47(8):2590-2. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00013-09 . Epub 2009Jun 17. PMID: 19535530; PMCID: PMC2725679.
McCrea KW, Xie J, LaCross N, Patel M, Mukundan D, Murphy TF, Marrs CF, Gilsdorf JR. Relationships of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae strains to hemolytic and nonhemolytic Haemophilus haemolyticus strains. J Clin Microbiol. 2008 Feb;46(2):406-
https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01832-07 . Epub 2007 Nov 26. PMID: 18039799; PMCID:
PMC2238123.
Smith-Vaughan H, Byun R, Nadkarni M, Jacques NA, Hunter N, Halpin S, Morris PS, Leach AJ. Measuring nasal bacterial load and its association with otitis media. BMC Ear Nose Throat Disord. 2006 May 10; 6:10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6815-6-10 . PMID:
; PMCID: PMC1479363.
Wang X, Mair R, Hatcher C, Theodore MJ, Edmond K, Wu HM, Harcourt BH, Carvalho Mda G, Pimenta F, Nymadawa P, Altantsetseg D, Kirsch M, Satola SW, Cohn A, Messonnier NE, Mayer LW. Detection of bacterial pathogens in Mongolia meningitis surveillance with a
new real-time PCR assay to detect Haemophilus influenzae. Int J Med Microbiol. 2011 Apr;301(4):303-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmm.2010.11.004 . Epub 2011 Jan 26. PMID:
Salgado MM, Higa FT, Gonçalves MG, Fukasawa LO, Liphaus BL,Oliveira PL, et al. Nova versão do ensaio da PCR em tempo real para o diagnóstico laboratorial e vigilância epidemiológica das meningites bacterianas. Boletim Epidemiológico
Paulista (BEPA). 2012; 9(103): 16-20. Disponível em:
https://docs.bvsalud.org/biblioref/ses-sp/2012/ses-28039/ses-28039-4714.pdf
Corrêa RA, Costa AN, Lundgren F, Michelin L, Figueiredo MR, Holanda M, Gomes M, Teixeira PJZ, Martins R, Silva R, Athanazio RA, Silva RMD, Pereira MC. 2018 recommendations for the management of community acquired pneumonia. J Bras Pneumol. 2018 Sep-Oct;44(5):405-423. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1806-37562018000000130 . Erratum in: J Bras Pneumol. 2018 Nov-Dec;44(6):532. Erratum in: J Bras Pneumol. 2019 May 13;45(2): e20180130. PMID: 30517341; PMCID: PMC6467584.
McNeil JC, Sommer LM, Dunn JJ, Hulten KG, Kaplan SL, Vallejo JG. Molecular Epidemiology of Contemporary Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Isolates in Texas Children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2021 Sep 1;40(9):852-855. https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003188 .
PMID: 34260499.
Binks MJ, Temple B, Kirkham LA, Wiertsema SP, Dunne EM, Richmond PC, Marsh RL, Leach AJ, Smith-Vaughan HC. Molecular surveillance of true nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae: an evaluation of PCR screening assays. PLoS One. 2012;7(3): e34083.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0034083 .Epub 2012 Mar 28. PMID: 22470516;PMCID: PMC3314702.
Ladhani S, Slack MP, Heath PT, von Gottberg A, Chandra M, Ramsay ME; European Union Invasive Bacterial Infection Surveillance participants. Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Disease, Europe, 1996-2006. Emerg Infect Dis. 2010 Mar;16(3):455-63.
https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1603.090290 . PMID: 20202421; PMCID: PMC3322004.
Bamberger EE, Ben-Shimol S, Abu Raya B, Katz A, Givon-Lavi N, Dagan R, Srugo I; Israeli Pediatric Bacteremia and Meningitis Group. Pediatric invasive Haemophilus influenzae infections in Israel in the era of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine:
a nationwide prospective study. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2014 May;33(5):477-81.
https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000000193 . PMID: 24445822.
Gabastou JM, Agudelo CI, Brandileone MCC, Castañeda E, Lemos APS, Di Fabio JL,
et al. Caracterización de aislamientos invasivos de S.pneumoniae, H.influenzae y
N.meningitidis em America Latina y el Caribe: SIREVA II, 2000-2005. Rev Panam
Salud Publica. 2008; 24(1): 1-15. 1-15,jul. 2008. Retrieved From:
http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1020-49892008000700001
King P. Haemophilus influenzae and the lung (Haemophilus and the lung). Clin Transl Med.
Jun 14;1(1):10. https://doi.org/10.1186/2001-1326-1-10 . PMID: 23369277; PMCID:
PMC3567431.
Brandileone MC, Zanella RC, Almeida SCG, Brandao AP, Ribeiro AF, Carvalhanas TMP, Sato H, Andrade AL, Verani JR; Pneumococcal Carriage Study Group. Effect of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae among children in São Paulo, Brazil. Vaccine. 2016 Nov 4;34(46):5604-5611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.09.027 . Epub 2016 Sep 28. PMID: 27692770.
Cleary DW, Devine VT, Morris DE, Osman KL, Gladstone RA, Bentley SD, Faust SN, Clarke SC. Pneumococcal vaccine impacts on the population genomics of non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae. Microb Genom. 2018 Sep;4(9): e000209. https://doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.000209 .Epub 2018 Aug 6. Erratum in: Microb Genom. 2021 May;7(5): Cleary, David [corrected to Cleary, David W]; Devine, Vanessa [corrected to Devine, Vanessa T]; Morris, Denise [corrected to Morris, Denise E]; Osman, Karen [corrected to Osman, Karen L]; Gladstone, Rebecca [corrected to Gladstone, Rebecca A]; Bentley, Ste. PMID: 30080135; PMCID: PMC6202451.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2022 Maria Gisele Gonçalves, Fábio Takenori Higa, Lucila Okuyama Fukasawa, Layla Degaulle Alves Barros, Maristela Marques Salgado
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
