HIV/Aids e adolescência: conversando sobre sexo
Palavras-chave:
Saúde do adolescente., Doenças sexualmente transmissíveis., Atenção Primária à Saúde., Educação em saúde.Resumo
A adolescência é um momento cujas principais especificidades são a busca por novas descobertas, o desenvolvimento da anatomia e a
experimentação da vida sexual. Nesse contexto, pode-se verificar uma grande vulnerabilidade no que se refere ao contato com doenças
sexualmente transmissíveis (DST), sendo a prevenção uma questão crucial para os programas de controle do HIV/Aids. Concomitante
aos grandes progressos e à capacitação dos profissionais de saúde, as estratégias de educação em saúde são capazes de alterar substantivamente os determinantes fundamentais da infecção e do adoecimento dessa população. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar na produção científica as metodologias utilizadas em atividades que abordam a sexualidade em grupos de adolescentes. Por meio da revisão sistemática integrativa, em bases e bancos de dados eletrônicos (Lilacs, Medline e Pubmed) rastrearam-se trabalhos publicados entre 2011 e 2016. Compuseram a amostra final 38 estudos. O elemento da vulnerabilidade mais importante é a demonstração da necessidade de adequação de linguagens e métodos utilizados nas ações de educação, assim como a inclusão de discussões multiprofissionais e inter setoriais para acolhimento e vinculação de adolescentes nos serviços de saúde.
Downloads
Métricas
Referências
Hearst N, Chen S. Condom promotionfor AIDS prevention in the developingworld: is it working? Stud. fam.plan. 2004; 35(1):39-47.
Kaestle CE, Halpern CT, Miller WC, FordCA. Young age at fi rst sexual intercourseand sexually transmitted infections inadolescents and young adults. Am. j.epidemiol. 2005; 161 (8):774-80.
Organização Mundial de Saúde. La Salud de los Jóvenes: un reto y unaesperanza. Geneva: OMS; 1995.
Ministério da Justiça (BR). Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente. Edição especial.Brasília: Ministério da Justiça; 2002. 224 p.
Shafi T, Stovel K, Davis R, Holmes K. Is condom use habit forming? Condom use at sexual debut and subsequent condom use. Sex. transm. dis. 2004;31(6):366-72.
Ministério da Saúde (BR). Boletim Epidemiológico Aids e DST. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde; 2008.
Kurby DB, Laris BA, Rolleri LA.
Sex and HIV education programs:
their impact on sexual behaviors of
young people throughout the world. J.
adolesc. health. 2007; 40:206-17.
Meyer DE, Mello DF, Valadão MM,
Ayres JRCM. Você aprende. A gente
ensina?: interrogando relações entre
educação e saúde desde a perspectiva
da vulnerabilidade. Cad. saúde
pública. 2006; 22(6):1335-42.
Ministério da Saúde (BR). Marco
teórico e referencial: saúde sexual e
reprodutiva de adolescentes e jovens.
Brasília: Ministério da Saúde; 2006.
Figueiredo MFS, Rodrigues-Neto JF,
Leite MTS. Modelos aplicados às
atividades de educação em saúde. Rev.
bras. enferm. 2010; 63(1):117-21.
Marconi MA, Lakatos EM. Fundamentos
de metodologia Científica. 6.
ed. São Paulo: Atlas; 2000.
Merhy EE, Chakkour M, Stéfano E,
Stéfano ME, Santos CM, Rodrigues RA.
Em busca de ferramentas analisadoras
das tecnologias em saúde: a informação
e o dia a dia de um serviço, interrogando
e gerindo trabalho em saúde. In:
Merhy EE, Onocko R, organizadores.
Agir em saúde: um desafio para o
público. São Paulo: Hucitec; 2006.
Salum GB, Monteiro LAS. Educação
em saúde para adolescentes na escola:
um relato de experiência. REME rev.
min. enferm. 2015; 19(2):246-51.
Gondim PS, Souto NF, Moreira CB,
Cruz MEC, Caetano FHP, Montesuma
FG. Acessibilidade dos adolescentes às
fontes de informações sobre saúde sexual
e reprodutiva. Rev. bras. crescimento
desenvolv. hum. 2015; 25(1):50-3.
Taylor M, Joshi A. Surveys assessing
STI related health information needs
of adolescent population. Technol.
health care. 2012; 20(4):247-61.
Hudson AL. Where do youth in
foster care receive information about
preventing unplanned pregnancy and
sexually transmitted infections? J.
pediatr. nurs. 2012; 27(5):443-50.
Goundry AL, Finlay ER, Llewellyn CD.
Talking about links between sexually
transmitted infections and infertility with
college and university students from
SE England, UK: a qualitative study.
Reprod. health. 2013; 11(10):47.
Latreille S, Collyer A, Temple-Smith M.
Finding a segue into sex: young men’s
views on discussing sexual health with a GP.
Aust. fam. physician. 2014; 43(4):217-21.
Yip BH, Sheng XT, Chan VW, Wong
LH, Lee SW, Abraham AA. Let’s talk
about sex- A Knowledge, Attitudes and
Practice study among Paediatric Nurses
about Teen Sexual Health in Hong Kong.
J. clin. nurs. 2015; 24(17-18):2591-600.
Marcell AV, Ellen JM. Core sexual/
reproductive health care to deliver
to male adolescents: perceptions of
clinicians focused on male health. J.
adolesc. health. 2012; 51(1):38-44.
Costa LA, Goldenberg P. Papilomavírus
humano (HPV) entre jovens: um sinal de
alerta. Saúde soc. 2013; 22(1):249-61.
Rembeck GI, Gunnarsson RK. Role of
gender in sexual behaviours and response
to education in sexually transmitted
infections in 17-year-old adolescents.
Midwifery. 2011; 27(2):282-7.
Ishikawa N, Pridmore P, Carr-Hill R,
Chaimuangdee K. The attitudes of primary
schoolchildren in Northern Thailand
towards their peers who are affected by HIV
and AIDS. AIDS Care. 2011; 23(2):237-44.
Marek E, Dergez T, Bozsa S, Gocze
K, Rebek-Nagy G, Kricskovics A et al.
Incomplete knowledge--unclarified roles in
sex education: results of a nat ional survey
about human papillomavirus infections. Eur.
j. cancer care (Engl). 2011; 20(6):759-68.
Marek E, Dergez T, Rebek-Nagy G,
Kricskovics A, Kovacs K, Bozsa S et
al. Adolescents’ awareness of HPV
infections and attitudes towards HPV
vaccination 3 years following the
introduction of the HPV vaccine in
Hungary. Vaccine. 2011; 29(47):8591-8.
Kettinger LD. A practice improvement
intervention increases chlamydia screening
among young women at a women’s
health practice. J. obstet. gynecol.
neonatal nurs. 2013; 42(1):81-90.
Mullins TL, Zimet GD, Rosenthal
SL, Morrow C, Ding L, Shew M et al.
Adolescent perceptions of risk and need
for safer sexual behaviors after first
human papillomavirus vaccination. Arch.
pediatr. adolesc. med. 2012; 166(1):82-8.
Nleya PT, Segale E. How Setswana
Cultural Beliefs and Practices on Sexuality
Affect Teachers’ and Adolescents’
Sexual Decisions, Practices, and
Experiences as well as HIV/AIDS and
STI Prevention in Select Botswanan
Secondary Schools. J. Int. Assoc. Provid.
AIDS Care. 2015; 14(3):224-33.
Rubin SE, Campos G, Markens S.
Primary care physicians’ concerns may
affect adolescents’ access to intrauterine
contraception. J. community med.
prim. health care. 2013; 4(3):216-9.
Tanner AE, Philbin MM, Duval A,
Ellen J, Kapogiannis B, Fortenberry JD.
“Youth friendly” clinics: considerations
for linking and engaging HIV-infected
adolescents into care; Adolescent Trials
Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions.
AIDS care. 2014; 26(2):199-205.
Pufall EL, Nyamukapa C, Eaton JW,
Campbell C, Skovdal M, Munyati S
et al. The impact of HIV on children’s education in eastern Zimbabwe.
AIDS care. 2014; 26(9):1136-43.
Steen R, Hontelez JA, Veraart A,
White RG, de Vlas SJ. Looking upstream
to prevent HIV transmission: can
interventions with sex workers alter the
course of HIV epidemics in Africa as they
did in Asia? AIDS. 2014; 28(6):891-9
Bergamini M, Cucchi A, Guidi E,
Stefanati A, Bonato B, Lupi S et al.
Risk perception of sexually
transmitted diseases and teenage
sexual behaviour: attitudes towards
in a sample of Italian adolescents. J
Prev Med Hyg. 2013; 54(2):114-9.
Lozman RL, Belcher A, Sloand E.
Does a 30-min quality improvement
clinical practice meeting reviewing
the recommended Papanicolaou test
guidelines for adolescents improve
provider adherence to guidelines in a
pediatricprimary care office? J Am Assoc
Nurse Pract. 2013; 25(11):584-7.
Kenny J, Mulenga V, Hoskins S, Scholten
F, Gibb DM. The needs for HIV treatment
and care of children, adolescents,
pregnant women and older people in
low-income and middle-income countries.
AIDS. 2012; 26 (Suppl 2):S105-16.
Voisin D, Shiu CS, Chan TA, Krieger
C, Sekulska D, Johnson L. In their own
words: racial/ethnic and gender differences
in sources and preferences for HIV
prevention information among young
adults. AIDS care. 2013; 25(11):1407-10.
Chokephaibulkit K, Kariminia
A, Oberdorfer P, Nallusamy R,
Bunupuradah T, Hansudewechakul R et
al. Characterizing HIV manifestations
and treatment outcomes of perinatally
infected adolescents in Asia. TREAT Asia
Pediatric HIV Observational Database.
Pediatr. Infect. dis j. 2014; 33(3):291-4.
Gibson EJ, Bell DL, Powerful SA.
Common sexually transmitted infections in
adolescents. Prim. care. 2014; 41(3):631-50.
Town K, Ricketts EJ, Hartney T, Dunbar JK,
Nardone A, Folkard KA et al. Supporting
general practices to provide sexual and
reproductive health services: protocol
for the 3Cs e amp; HIV programme.
Public health. 2015; 129(9):1244-50.
Ssewamala FM, Karimli L, Torsten N,
Wang JS, Han CK, Ilic V et al. Applying
a family-level economic strengthening
intervention to improve education and
health-related outcomes of school-going
AIDS-Orphaned Children: lessons from
a randomized experiment in southern
Uganda. Prev. sci. 2016; 17(1):134-43.
Hay PE, Kerry SR, Normansell R,
Horner PJ, Reid F, Kerry SM et al. Which
sexually active young female students
are most at risk of pelvic inflammatory
disease? A prospective study. Sex.
transm. infect. 2016; 92(1):63-6.
Dalfó PA, Dalfó PE, Pelegrina Rodríguez
FJ, Rosell VJ. The important role of
nursing in primary care exploring
knowledge about human immunodeficiency
virus and other sexually transmitted
diseases in adolescents. J. adolesc.
health. 2015; 56(6):681-2.
Guss CE, Wunsch CA, McCulloh R,
Donaldson A, Alverson BK. Using
the hospital as a venue for reproductive
health interventions: a survey of
hospitalized adolescents. Hosp
Pediatr. 2015; 5(2):67-73.
Harris R. Complexities and challenges
of transition to adult services in
adolescents with vertically transmitted
HIV infection. J. fam. Plan. Reprod.
health care. 2015; 41(1):64-7.
Hensel DJ, Selby S, Tanner AE,
Fortenberry JD. A Daily diaryanalysis of condom breakage and
slippage during vaginal sex or anal
sex among adolescent women. Sex.
Transm. dis. 2016; 43(9):531-6.
Drago F, Ciccarese G, Zangrillo F,
Gasparini G, Cogorno L, Riva S et al. A
survey of current knowledge on sexually
transmitted diseases and sexual behaviour
in italian adolescents. Int. j. environ.
Res. public health. 2016; 13(4):422.
Kahana SY, Jenkins RA, Bruce D,
Fernandez MI, Hightow-Weidman LB,
Bauermeister JA. Structural determinants
of antiretroviral therapy use, HIV care
attendance, and viral suppression among
adolescents and young adults living
with HIV. Adolescent Medicine Trials
Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions.
PLos ONE. 2016; 11(4):e0151106.
Ojwang VO, Penner J, Blat C, Agot K,
Bukusi EA, Cohen CR. Loss to follow-up
among youth accessing outpatient HIV
care and treatment services in Kisumu,
Kenya. AIDS care. 2016; 28 (4):500-7.
Mbalinda SN, Kiwanuka N, Kaye DK,
Eriksson LE. Reproductive health and
lifestyle factors associated with healthrelated
quality of life among perinatally
HIV-infected adolescents in Uganda.
Health qual. life outcomes. 2015;13:170.
Edelman NL, de Visser RO, Mercer
CH, McCabe L, Cassell JA. Targeting
sexual health services in primary care:
a systematic review of the psychosocial
correlates of adverse sexual health
outcomes reported in probability
surveys of women of reproductive
age. Prev. med. 2015;81:345-56.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2017 Dayamis Bell Plache, Keite Helen dos Santos, Leandro Hidalgo Garcia
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
