The occurrence of shigellosis in Brazil: a public health problem
Keywords:
Shigella spp., Shigellosis, Food outbreaksAbstract
Shigellosis has been recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO)
as a major global public health problem. Shigella genus is consisted of
four species, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella flexneri, Shigella boydii and
Shigella sonnei. The aim of this study was to characterize shigellosis as
a public health problem through a retrospective study of reports on the
occurrence of food outbreaks chiefly involving the Shigella genus in the
geographical regions of Brazil; and to compare these data with those from
other developed and developing countries. Data regarding shigellosis
in Brazil between 1970 and 2013 were evaluated. The southeastern
region of Brazil showed the highest number of reports, being S.sonnei
the prevalent species. However, the northern and northeastern regions
reported the highest percentages of morbidity caused by shigellosis,
mostly associated with S. flexneri. During the studied period, S. flexneri
was the predominant species in Brazil as a whole, followed by S. sonnei,
S. dysenteriae and S. boydii. The proportion of food outbreaks due to
Shigella in studies on different etiologic agents ranged from 1.4 to 19.4%
with predominance of S. sonnei; and this species was responsible for
60% of the cases in the five reports on shigellosis outbreaks. Only one
report was found in the southern and none in the midwestern regions of
Brazil. Education and improved public healthcare can help to reduce
the incidence of shigellosis; and the innovative strategies, such as the
development of vaccines, would provide substantial benefits to the
population.
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Copyright (c) 2017 Naiady Konno Madela, Elisabete Cardiga Alves, Denise Fusco Marques, Jacqueline Tanury Macruz Peresi, Ivete Aparecida Zago Castanheira de Almeida
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
