Keywords
HTLV-2
HIV
Coinfection
Prevalence
Risk factors
How to Cite
Abstract
The HTLV-1, HTLV-2, and HIV share the same routes of virus transmission and high prevalence rates of HIV/HTLV coinfections have been detected in AIDS patients from Sao Paulo, during the 1990s, and were linked to injection drug use (IDU). The present study searched for the current prevalence and risk factors for HIV/HTLV coinfections in patients attended at AIDS Reference and Training Center in São Paulo (CRT DST/Aids SP). Blood samples of 1,608 patients that were enrolled in the study were sent to Instituto Adolfo Lutz and analyzed for the presence of HTLV-1/2 specific antibodies by enzyme immunoassay and Western Blot (WB), and for pol proviral DNA segments of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 by “in house” real-time PCR. The results obtained disclosed 51 reagents sera at screening. By WB analysis, 23 (1.43%) confirmed HTLV-1 infection, 12 (0.75%) HTLV-2, and 6 (0.37%) HTLV not typed. The PCR confirmed one more case of HTLV-1 (total 1.49%) and five of HTLV-2 (total 1.06%). Associations between HIV/HTLV coinfections and female gender (p=0.0027), black/pardum color/race (p=0.0332), infection with HBV (p=0.0019), HCV and IDU (p<0.0000) were detected. The real time PCR confirmed cases of HTLV not typed and indeterminate on WB analysis, and could be used as the first confirmatory assay followed by WB. The low prevalence rates of HIV/HTLV coinfections detected in the present study could be related to changes in the exposure to HIV and cocaine inhalation/ smoking drug usage instead of injection at the present moment.
References
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Copyright (c) 2014 Adele Caterino de Araujo, Carlos Henrique Barreto-Damião, Alexandre Almeida, Cláudio Tavares Sacchi, Maria Gisele Gonçalves, Lucila Okuyama Fukasawa, Maristela Marques Salgado, Luis Fernando de Macedo Brígido, Fábio Takenori Higa, Karoline Rodrigues Campos, Luana Portes Ozório Coelho, Marcela Brito de Santana, Mariana Cavalheiro Magri, Telma Miyuki Oshiro, Leda Fátima Jamal, Maria de Fátima Jorge, Maria Lúcia Rocha Mello, Risia Cristina Santos de Oliveira, Wong Kuen Alencar