Keywords
paralytic shellfish poison in fish, determination
saxitoxin, determination in oysters, shellfishes and fishes
fluorimetric method, bioassay
saxitoxin, determination in oysters, shellfishes and fishes
fluorimetric method, bioassay
How to Cite
1.
Lamardo LC, Lamardo LC, Gelli DS, Sabino M. Search for paralytic shellfish poison in fish. Rev Inst Adolfo Lutz [Internet]. 1986 Dec. 30 [cited 2024 May 18];46(1-2):87-90. Available from: https://periodicos.saude.sp.gov.br/RIAL/article/view/36868
Abstract
The paralytic shellfish poison was searched in, samples of oysters, shellfishes and fishes catched in various beach es of São Paulo state's
shore. Two analytical procedures, one chemical and a bioassay, were employed. Red spots in water and dead fishes appeared in August to September, 1983. This was suspicious of "red tide" occurence, It was not detected toxin by the performance of the two methods. The resulta are considered significant, because it was used a saxi toxin standard for eon trol of the tests.
References
1. AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION '- Recommended procedures of the examination of sea water and ehellfieh: 4th ed. New York, N.Y., APHA, 1970. p. 57-66.
2. ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS - Official methods of the Association of Oflicial analytical chemists. 12 th ed. Washington, D.C., AOAC, 1975. p. 319-21. [itens 18.070-18.076]
3. BATES, H.A.; KOSTRIKEN, R. & RAPOPORT, H. - A chemical assay for saxitoxin improvements and modifications. J. agric. Food Chem., 26 :252-4, 1978.
4. BATES, H.A. & RAPOPORT, H. - A chemical assay of saxitoxin, the paralytic slrellfish poison. J. agric. Food Chem., 23: 237-9, 1975.
5. BORDNER, J.; THIESSAN, W.E.; BATES, H.A. & RAPOPORT, H. - The structure of a crystalline derivative of saxitoxin. Tire structure of saxitoxin. J. am chem, Soc., 97: 6008-12, 1975.
6. CHU, F.S. & FAN, T.S.L. - Indirect enzyme immunosorbent assay of saxítoxin in shellfish. J. Assoc. off. anal. Chem., 68: 13-16, 1985.
7. DAVISON, P. & MEDINA, D. - Control de Ia toxina paralitica de los moluscos en el Uruguay. Higiene alim., São Paulo, 3: 38-43, 1984.
8. DEWBERRY, E.E. - Food poisoning. Food-born infection and intoxieationS nature, history, and eausation, meaeures for prevention and controlo 4th ed. London, Leonard Hill, 1959. p. 274-8.
9. HALSTEAD, B.W. & SCHANTZ, E.J. Paralytic shellfish poisoning. Geneva, Word Health Organization, 1984. 60 p. (WHO offset publ. nº 79)
10. HUGHES, J.M. & MERSON, M.H. - Fish and shellfish poisoning. New Engl. J. Med., 295:1117-20, 1976.
11. INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMME ON CHEMICAL SAFETY (IPCS) - Aquatie (marine and freshwater) biotoxins. Geneva, WHO, 1984. p. 9-13; 29-41. (Environmental Health Criteria 37)
12. KAO, C.Y. - Pharmacology of tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin. Fed. Proc., 31: 1117-23, 1972.
13. KAO, C.Y. & NISHIY AMA, A. – Actions of saxitoxin on peripheral neuromuscular systems. J. Phisiol., 180: 50-66, 1965.
14. McFARREN, E.F. - Report on collaborative studies of the bioassay for paralytic shellfish poison. J. Assoc. off, anal. Chem, 42:263-71, 1959.
15. McFARREN, E. F.; SCHANTZ, E.J.; CAMPBELL, J.E. & LEWIS, K.H. - Chemical determina tion of paralytic shellfislr poison in clams. J. Assoc. off. anal. Chem., 41: 168-77, 1958.
16. McFARREN, E.F.; SCHANTZ, E.J.; CAMPBELL, J.E. & LEWIS, K.H. - A modified J affe test for determina tion of paraIytc shellfish poison, J. Assoc. off. anal. Chem., 42 :399-404, 1959.
17. MEYER, K.F.; SOMMER, H. & SCHOENHOLZ, ,P. - Mussel poisoning. J. Prev. Med., 2 :365-94, 1928.
18. MOLD, J.D.; BOWDEN, J.P.; STANGER, D.W.; MAURRER, J.E.; LYNCH, J.M.; WYLER, R.S.; SCHANTZ, E.J. & RIEGEL, B. - Paralytic shellfish poison. VII. Evidence for the pu'ri ty of the poison isolated from toxic clams and musseIs. J. am. chem, Soc., 79:5235-8, 1957.
19. POPKISS, M.E.E.; HORSTMAN, D.A. & HARPUR, D. - Paralytic shellfish poisoni ng : a report of 17 cases ín Cape Town. Shouth afr, medo J., 55:1017-1023, 1979.
20. RIEGEL, B.; STANGER, D.W.; WIKHOLM, D.M.; MOLD, J.D. & SOMMER, H .. Paralytic shellfish poison. V. The primary source of the poison, the marine plankton organism, Gonyaulax catenella, J. biol. Chem., 177:7-11, 1949.
21. SCHANTZ, E.J.; LYNCH, J.M.; VAYVADA, G.; MATSUMOTO, K. & RAPOPORT, H. - The pu rif'ica'tion and characterization of the poison produced by Gonyaulax eatenella in axenic culture. Biochemistry, 5: 1191-5, 1966.
22. SCHANTZ, E.J.; McFARREN, E.F; SCHAFER, M.L. & LEWIS, K.H. - Puri Iir-d shellfish poison for bioassay standardisation, J. Assoc. off. anal. Chem., 41: 160••8, 1958.
23. SCHANTZ, E.J.; MOLD, J.D.; STANGER, D.W.; SHAVEL, J.; RIEL, F.J.; BOWDEN, J.P.; LYNCH, J.M.; WYLER, R.S.; RIEGEL, B. & SOMMER, H. - ParaIytic shellfish poison. VI. A procedure for the isolation and purification of the poison from toxic clam and mussel tissues. J. amer. chem, Soc., 79 :5230-5, 1957.
24. SOMMER, H. & MEYER, K.F. - Paralytic shellfish poisoning. Areh. Pathol., 24: 560-98, 1937.
25. SOMMER, H.; WHEDON, W.F.; KOFOID, C.A. & STOHLER, R. - Relation of paralytic shellfish poison to certain plankton organisms of the genus Gonyaulax. Areh. Pathol., 24 :537-59, 1937.
26. SULLIVAN, J.J. & IWAOKA, W.T. - High pressure liquid clrromatographic determination of toxins associated with paralytic shellfish poisoning. J. Assoc. off, anal. Chem., 66 :297-303, 1983.
27. WATTS, J.S.; REILLY, J.; COSTA, F.M. & KROP, S. - Acute toxicity of paralytic shellfish poison in rats of different ages. Toxicol. appl. Pharmacol., 8:286-94, 1966.
28. WIBERG, G.S. & STHEPHENSON, N.R. - Toxicologic studies on paralytic .shellfish poison. Toxicol. appl. Pharmac., 2:607-15, 1960.
2. ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS - Official methods of the Association of Oflicial analytical chemists. 12 th ed. Washington, D.C., AOAC, 1975. p. 319-21. [itens 18.070-18.076]
3. BATES, H.A.; KOSTRIKEN, R. & RAPOPORT, H. - A chemical assay for saxitoxin improvements and modifications. J. agric. Food Chem., 26 :252-4, 1978.
4. BATES, H.A. & RAPOPORT, H. - A chemical assay of saxitoxin, the paralytic slrellfish poison. J. agric. Food Chem., 23: 237-9, 1975.
5. BORDNER, J.; THIESSAN, W.E.; BATES, H.A. & RAPOPORT, H. - The structure of a crystalline derivative of saxitoxin. Tire structure of saxitoxin. J. am chem, Soc., 97: 6008-12, 1975.
6. CHU, F.S. & FAN, T.S.L. - Indirect enzyme immunosorbent assay of saxítoxin in shellfish. J. Assoc. off. anal. Chem., 68: 13-16, 1985.
7. DAVISON, P. & MEDINA, D. - Control de Ia toxina paralitica de los moluscos en el Uruguay. Higiene alim., São Paulo, 3: 38-43, 1984.
8. DEWBERRY, E.E. - Food poisoning. Food-born infection and intoxieationS nature, history, and eausation, meaeures for prevention and controlo 4th ed. London, Leonard Hill, 1959. p. 274-8.
9. HALSTEAD, B.W. & SCHANTZ, E.J. Paralytic shellfish poisoning. Geneva, Word Health Organization, 1984. 60 p. (WHO offset publ. nº 79)
10. HUGHES, J.M. & MERSON, M.H. - Fish and shellfish poisoning. New Engl. J. Med., 295:1117-20, 1976.
11. INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMME ON CHEMICAL SAFETY (IPCS) - Aquatie (marine and freshwater) biotoxins. Geneva, WHO, 1984. p. 9-13; 29-41. (Environmental Health Criteria 37)
12. KAO, C.Y. - Pharmacology of tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin. Fed. Proc., 31: 1117-23, 1972.
13. KAO, C.Y. & NISHIY AMA, A. – Actions of saxitoxin on peripheral neuromuscular systems. J. Phisiol., 180: 50-66, 1965.
14. McFARREN, E.F. - Report on collaborative studies of the bioassay for paralytic shellfish poison. J. Assoc. off, anal. Chem, 42:263-71, 1959.
15. McFARREN, E. F.; SCHANTZ, E.J.; CAMPBELL, J.E. & LEWIS, K.H. - Chemical determina tion of paralytic shellfislr poison in clams. J. Assoc. off. anal. Chem., 41: 168-77, 1958.
16. McFARREN, E.F.; SCHANTZ, E.J.; CAMPBELL, J.E. & LEWIS, K.H. - A modified J affe test for determina tion of paraIytc shellfish poison, J. Assoc. off. anal. Chem., 42 :399-404, 1959.
17. MEYER, K.F.; SOMMER, H. & SCHOENHOLZ, ,P. - Mussel poisoning. J. Prev. Med., 2 :365-94, 1928.
18. MOLD, J.D.; BOWDEN, J.P.; STANGER, D.W.; MAURRER, J.E.; LYNCH, J.M.; WYLER, R.S.; SCHANTZ, E.J. & RIEGEL, B. - Paralytic shellfish poison. VII. Evidence for the pu'ri ty of the poison isolated from toxic clams and musseIs. J. am. chem, Soc., 79:5235-8, 1957.
19. POPKISS, M.E.E.; HORSTMAN, D.A. & HARPUR, D. - Paralytic shellfish poisoni ng : a report of 17 cases ín Cape Town. Shouth afr, medo J., 55:1017-1023, 1979.
20. RIEGEL, B.; STANGER, D.W.; WIKHOLM, D.M.; MOLD, J.D. & SOMMER, H .. Paralytic shellfish poison. V. The primary source of the poison, the marine plankton organism, Gonyaulax catenella, J. biol. Chem., 177:7-11, 1949.
21. SCHANTZ, E.J.; LYNCH, J.M.; VAYVADA, G.; MATSUMOTO, K. & RAPOPORT, H. - The pu rif'ica'tion and characterization of the poison produced by Gonyaulax eatenella in axenic culture. Biochemistry, 5: 1191-5, 1966.
22. SCHANTZ, E.J.; McFARREN, E.F; SCHAFER, M.L. & LEWIS, K.H. - Puri Iir-d shellfish poison for bioassay standardisation, J. Assoc. off. anal. Chem., 41: 160••8, 1958.
23. SCHANTZ, E.J.; MOLD, J.D.; STANGER, D.W.; SHAVEL, J.; RIEL, F.J.; BOWDEN, J.P.; LYNCH, J.M.; WYLER, R.S.; RIEGEL, B. & SOMMER, H. - ParaIytic shellfish poison. VI. A procedure for the isolation and purification of the poison from toxic clam and mussel tissues. J. amer. chem, Soc., 79 :5230-5, 1957.
24. SOMMER, H. & MEYER, K.F. - Paralytic shellfish poisoning. Areh. Pathol., 24: 560-98, 1937.
25. SOMMER, H.; WHEDON, W.F.; KOFOID, C.A. & STOHLER, R. - Relation of paralytic shellfish poison to certain plankton organisms of the genus Gonyaulax. Areh. Pathol., 24 :537-59, 1937.
26. SULLIVAN, J.J. & IWAOKA, W.T. - High pressure liquid clrromatographic determination of toxins associated with paralytic shellfish poisoning. J. Assoc. off, anal. Chem., 66 :297-303, 1983.
27. WATTS, J.S.; REILLY, J.; COSTA, F.M. & KROP, S. - Acute toxicity of paralytic shellfish poison in rats of different ages. Toxicol. appl. Pharmacol., 8:286-94, 1966.
28. WIBERG, G.S. & STHEPHENSON, N.R. - Toxicologic studies on paralytic .shellfish poison. Toxicol. appl. Pharmac., 2:607-15, 1960.
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Copyright (c) 1986 Instituto Adolfo Lutz Journal
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