Resumo
Nos últimos 40 anos, em vários países, entre eles o Brasil, óleos minerais constituídos por Bifenilas Policloradas (PCBs) foram usados em transformadores. Há alguns anos, entretanto, evidências indicam que os PCBs são tóxicos e que foram dispersados no meioambiente. Com a finalidade de verificar e monitorar a presença de PCBs no Brasil, analisamos 150amostras de óleos minerais de transformador colhidas em diversos Estados da federação. Os resultados mostraram que 66,7% das amostras tinham níveis de PCBs, em Aroclor, inferiores a 50 mg/kg e 33% apresentavam níveis de até 782 x 103 mg/kg.
Referências
1. AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING ANO MATERIALS - Standard method for ana/ysis of polychlorinated biphenyls in insulating liquids by
gas chromatography. Philadelphia, ASTM, 1986. (D 4059-86).
2. BELLAR, T.A. & LICHTEMBERG, J.J. - The determination of polychlorirtated biphenyls in transformer fluid and waste oils. Cincinnati, OH, Environmental Monitoring & Support Laboratory, 1982, 17p. (Research and Development. EPA-600/4-81-045, Sp.1982).
3. BRASIL. Leis, decretos, etc. - Portaria Interministerial n:' 19 de 29 de janeiro de 1981, Ministério do Interior. Diário Oficial, Brasilia, 2 de fevereiro de 1981. Seção I, pt.I, p.2151. Dispõe normas reguladoras do uso, produção, comercialização e despejo das bifenilas policloradas (PCBs) em todo território nacional.
4. BRASIL. Leis, decretos, etc. - Instrução Normativa SEMA/STC/CRS/ N? 001, de 15 de junho de 1983. Diário Oficial, Brasília, 15 de junho de 1983.
Seção I, pt. I, p.10.403. Disciplina as condições de manuseio, armazenamento e transporte de bifeniIas policloradas (PCBs) e/ou resíduos contaminados com PCBs.
5. DEUTSCHES INSTITUT FUR NORMUNG Bestimmung des gehaltes an polychlorierten biphenylen (PCB) (DIN 51527 - Teil2, Marz 1986).
6. FEDERAL REGISTER, 50: 1684, 1985 Apud LA WN, R.E. & TOFFEL, S.A. - Determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in waste oil by gas chromatograph. Analyst, 112(1):53, 1987.
7. HUTZINGER, O.; CHOUDRY, G.G.; CHITTIM, B.G. & JOHNSTON, L.E. - Formation of polychlorinated dibenzofurans and dioxins during
combustion, eleetrieal equipament fires and PCB incineration. Environ. Health Perspect, 60:3-9, 1985.
8. IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans. Lyon, 1977/1978. Polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated biphenyls. Lyon, IARC, 1978. 103p. (IARC monographs, 18).
9. JENSEN, S.; JOHNELS, A.G.; OLSSON, M. & OTTERLlNO, G. - OOT and PCB in marine animais from Swedish water. Nature, 224:247-50, 1969.
10. JOHNSTON, L.E. - Deconiaminarion and disposal of PCB wasies. Environ. Health Perspect., 60: 339-346, 1985.
11. LARA, W.H. - Bifenilas policloradas. Sua história e seus problemas In Congresso de Toxicologia Tropical, l:', Manaus, 1976. Anais. p.181-185.
12. MONSANTO INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS CO. Transformer Askarel inspection maintenance guide. St. Louis, Monsanto, s.d. (BuIletin NO IC/FF 38) 24p.
13. NEAL, R.A. - Mechanisms of the biological effects of PCBs, Poly chlorinated, Dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzufurans in experimental animaIs. Environ. Health Perspect . 60:41-46, 1985.
14. SLEIGHT, S. - Effects of PCBs and related compounds on hepatocarcinogenesis in rats and mice. Environ. Health Perspect., 60:35-39, 1985.
15. WHO TASK GROUP on Environmental Health Criteria for Polychlorinated biphenyls. Copenhagen, 1975. Polychlorinated biphenyls and terphenyls. Geneva, WHO, 1976. 85p. (Environmental Health Criteria, 2).
gas chromatography. Philadelphia, ASTM, 1986. (D 4059-86).
2. BELLAR, T.A. & LICHTEMBERG, J.J. - The determination of polychlorirtated biphenyls in transformer fluid and waste oils. Cincinnati, OH, Environmental Monitoring & Support Laboratory, 1982, 17p. (Research and Development. EPA-600/4-81-045, Sp.1982).
3. BRASIL. Leis, decretos, etc. - Portaria Interministerial n:' 19 de 29 de janeiro de 1981, Ministério do Interior. Diário Oficial, Brasilia, 2 de fevereiro de 1981. Seção I, pt.I, p.2151. Dispõe normas reguladoras do uso, produção, comercialização e despejo das bifenilas policloradas (PCBs) em todo território nacional.
4. BRASIL. Leis, decretos, etc. - Instrução Normativa SEMA/STC/CRS/ N? 001, de 15 de junho de 1983. Diário Oficial, Brasília, 15 de junho de 1983.
Seção I, pt. I, p.10.403. Disciplina as condições de manuseio, armazenamento e transporte de bifeniIas policloradas (PCBs) e/ou resíduos contaminados com PCBs.
5. DEUTSCHES INSTITUT FUR NORMUNG Bestimmung des gehaltes an polychlorierten biphenylen (PCB) (DIN 51527 - Teil2, Marz 1986).
6. FEDERAL REGISTER, 50: 1684, 1985 Apud LA WN, R.E. & TOFFEL, S.A. - Determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in waste oil by gas chromatograph. Analyst, 112(1):53, 1987.
7. HUTZINGER, O.; CHOUDRY, G.G.; CHITTIM, B.G. & JOHNSTON, L.E. - Formation of polychlorinated dibenzofurans and dioxins during
combustion, eleetrieal equipament fires and PCB incineration. Environ. Health Perspect, 60:3-9, 1985.
8. IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans. Lyon, 1977/1978. Polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated biphenyls. Lyon, IARC, 1978. 103p. (IARC monographs, 18).
9. JENSEN, S.; JOHNELS, A.G.; OLSSON, M. & OTTERLlNO, G. - OOT and PCB in marine animais from Swedish water. Nature, 224:247-50, 1969.
10. JOHNSTON, L.E. - Deconiaminarion and disposal of PCB wasies. Environ. Health Perspect., 60: 339-346, 1985.
11. LARA, W.H. - Bifenilas policloradas. Sua história e seus problemas In Congresso de Toxicologia Tropical, l:', Manaus, 1976. Anais. p.181-185.
12. MONSANTO INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS CO. Transformer Askarel inspection maintenance guide. St. Louis, Monsanto, s.d. (BuIletin NO IC/FF 38) 24p.
13. NEAL, R.A. - Mechanisms of the biological effects of PCBs, Poly chlorinated, Dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzufurans in experimental animaIs. Environ. Health Perspect . 60:41-46, 1985.
14. SLEIGHT, S. - Effects of PCBs and related compounds on hepatocarcinogenesis in rats and mice. Environ. Health Perspect., 60:35-39, 1985.
15. WHO TASK GROUP on Environmental Health Criteria for Polychlorinated biphenyls. Copenhagen, 1975. Polychlorinated biphenyls and terphenyls. Geneva, WHO, 1976. 85p. (Environmental Health Criteria, 2).
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 1988 Heloisa H.C. Barretto, Odete N.K. Inomata, Walkyria H. Lara
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