The role of nucleases in the molecular biology laboratory: villains or allies?

Abstract

In a molecular biology laboratory there are standards to prevent nucleases from destroying the nucleic acids under analysis. Strict adherence to these standards is paramount, mainly in clinical analysis laboratories and when dealing with samples with a limited number of copies of the target genome. In contrast, several nucleases have been of fundamental importance, for example, in the identification of the type of viral nucleic acid, investigation of messenger RNA, virus purification in metagenomic approach, genome editing with the CRISPR/Cas system, and enzyme discovery. Knowledge of how nucleases can be both villains and allies is essential in the training of all working in the field of molecular biology.