Keywords
IgM antibodies
epidemiology
control
low endemics
How to Cite
Abstract
The control of schistosomiasis in the State of São Paulo started at the end of the sixties. The main control measures included the application of molluscicides and chemotherapy. Despite the apparent decrease of the infection levels, the Epidemiological Vigilance System of the State has continually recorded cases of the disease, and expansion of transmission areas has been observed. Since the stool examination showed to be insufficiently sensitive for epidemiological purposes in areas with low transmission, a
serological technique was evaluated in four schistosomiasis endemic areas of the State with the aim of finding a more efficient diagnostic method. For a period of two years, five follow-up measures of prevalence and incidence rates were obtained for the four areas, through the stool examination (Kato-Katz method) and detection of IgM antibodies to gut antigens by the immunofluorescence test (IgM-IFT) on filter paper blood samples. The comparative analysis of the data showed the occurrence of seasonal transmission in some of the studied areas, detected by the observation of differences in the seroconversion taxes. Seroconversion from IgM-IFT negative to positive, indicating newly acquired Schistosoma mansoni infection, was observed more frequently in surveys carried out after summer holidays. The IgM-IFT proved to be a useful technique for epidemiological purposes in shistosomiasis, so that it can be applied for diagnosis of both acute and chronic forms of the disease.
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