Diagnóstico laboratorial da infecção pelo HIV em travestis e mulheres transexuais no Brasil, 2019-2021

Márcia Jorge Castejon; Carmem Aparecida de Freitas Oliveira; Luís Fernando de Macedo Brígido; Rosemeire Yamashiro; Katia Cristina Bassichetto; Norberto Camilo Campos; Elaine Lopes de Oliveira; Ana Rita  Coimbra Motta Castro; Inês Dourado; Laio Magno; Roberto José  de Carvalho da Silva; Maria Amélia  de Sousa Mascena Veras

doi:10.57148/bepa.2023.v.20.38087

Authors

Márcia Jorge Castejon Instituto Adolfo Lutz - Centro de Imunologia – São Paulo – SP - Brasil
Carmem Aparecida de Freitas Oliveira Instituto Adolfo Lutz - Centro de Imunologia – São Paulo – SP - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3392-7617
Luís Fernando de Macedo Brígido Instituto Adolfo Lutz - Centro de Virologia – São Paulo – SP - Brasil
Rosemeire Yamashiro Instituto Adolfo Lutz - Centro de Imunologia – São Paulo – SP - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6932-8915
Katia Cristina Bassichetto Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo – São Paulo – SP – Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3645-025X
Norberto Camilo Campos Instituto Adolfo Lutz - Centro de Virologia – São Paulo – SP - Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1425-9825
Elaine Lopes de Oliveira Instituto Adolfo Lutz - Centro de Imunologia – São Paulo – SP - Brasil
Ana Rita Coimbra Motta Castro Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul – Campo Grande – MS – Brasil
Inês Dourado Instituto de Saúde Coletiva – Salvador – BA – Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1675-2146
Laio Magno Instituto de Saúde Coletiva – Salvador – BA – Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3752-0782
Roberto José de Carvalho da Silva Centro de Referência e Treinamento DST/Aids, São Paulo, SP, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9186-0206
Maria Amélia de Sousa Mascena Veras Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo – São Paulo – SP – Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1159-5762

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.57148/bepa.2023.v.20.38087

Keywords:

point-of-care testing, viral load, HIV antibodies, immunoassay, transgender persons, highly active antiretroviral therapy

Abstract

HIV prevalence among travestis and transgender women (TrTW) is disproportionately higher when compared to the overall Brazilian population. The objective of this study was to evaluate, through conventional serological and molecular tests for the diagnosis of HIV infection, blood samples of TrTW residents of five Brazilian capitals with previous reactive HIV point-of-care rapid tests (RT). A total of 435 samples with at least one reactive HIV result on point-of-care tests were sent to the HIV reference laboratory in São Paulo State – the Adolfo Lutz Institute – for further evaluation by conventional laboratory tests. From total, 432 (99.3%) samples were reactive for HIV infection in conventional laboratory assays, comprising 98/432 (22.7%) with HIV-1 viral load over 5,000 copies/ml, and 334/432 (77.3%) reactive to serological tests (chemiluminescence immunoassay or ELISA, and rapid immunoblotting). The three remaining samples (0.7%) were classified as “indeterminate for HIV” based on conventional serological and molecular assays. Analytical sensitivity of different molecular and serological assays used in this study may have varied due to HIV-1 viral suppression resulting from antiretroviral therapy (ART). Additional studies are needed to better understand the impact of therapy on HIV diagnosis.

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