Keywords
immunohistochemistry
immunocytochemistry
leishmania
dogs
How to Cite
Abstract
The One Health concept emerged to highlight the inseparable link between animal, human and environmental health. In this context, American Visceral Leishmaniasis (AVL) is considered an important public health disease in Brazil, due to its increasing geographic expansion and in the incidence of human cases. AVL is a parasitic and zoonotic disease caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum (syn. chagasi) and transmitted by sandflies of the genus Lutzomyia. Dogs are considered the main reservoirs of the parasite in urban areas. The diagnosis of AVL is based on epidemiological, clinical and laboratory aspects. The demonstration of the presence of the parasite through direct examinations in biological tissues of the host is the diagnosis of choice, mainly in municipalities where the transmission of AVL has not yet been confirmed. Several methodologies can be applied for this purpose. The objective of this work is to present the cytological, anatomopathological and molecular techniques in formalin fixed and paraffin embedded samples for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis in humans and dogs. These data are complementary to the present study at the First International Symposium on Visceral Leishmaniasis, held on April 23 and 24, 2018, and organized by Adolfo Lutz Institute in São Paulo, Brazil.
References
1. Ministério da Saúde (BR), Secretaria de Vigilância e Saúde, Coordenação Geral de Doenças transmissíveis, Departamento de Vigilância das Doenças Transmissíveis. Memorando nº 480/2013 – CGDT/Devit/ SVS-MS. Algoritmo para confirmação de primeiro caso autóctone de leishmaniose visceral canina. Brasília (DF): MS; 2013.
2. Laurenti, MD. Patologia e patogenia das Leishmanioses. [tese de livre-docência]. São Paulo (SP): Universidade de São Paulo; 2010. Disponível em: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/livredocencia/10/tde-26112010-105228/es.php
3. Fernandes NC, Guerra JM, Réssio RA, Wasques DG, Etlinger-Colonelli D, Lorente S et al. Liquid-based cytology and cell block immunocytochemistry in veterinary medicine: comparison with standard cytology for the evaluation of canine lymphoid samples. Vet Comp Oncol. 2016; 14 Suppl 1:107-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vco.12137
4. Esteve LO, Saz SV, Hosein S, Solano-Gallego L. Histopathological findings and detection of Toll-like recepto 2 in cutaneous lesions of canine leishmaniosis. Vet Parasitol. 2015;209(3-4):157-63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.03.004
5. Ikeda-Garcia FA, Marcondes M. Métodos de diagnóstico da leishmaniose visceral canina. Clin Vet. 2007;12(71):34-42. Disponível em: https://issuu.com/clinicavet/docs/clinica-veterinaria-n71
6. Ciaramella P, Olivia G, Luna RD, Gradoni L, Ambrosio R, Cortese L et al. A retrospective clinical study of canine leishmaniasis in 150 dogs naturally infected by Leishmania infantum. Vet Rec. 1997;141(21):539-43.
7. Oliveira J M, Fernandes AC, Dorval ME, Alves TP, Fernandes TD, Oshiro ET et al. Mortalidade por leishmaniose visceral: aspectos clínicos e laboratoriais. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2010;43(2), 188-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0037-86822010000200016
8. Tafuri WL, Santos RL, Arantes RM, Gonçalves R, de Melo MN, Michalik MS. An alternative immunohistochemical method for detecting Leishmania amastigotes in paraffin-embedded canine tissues. J Immunol Methods;292(1-2):17-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jim.2004.05.009
9. Guerra JM, Fernandes NCC, Kimura LM, Shirata NK, Magno JA, Abrantes MF et al. Avaliação do exame imuno-histoquímico para o diagnóstico de Leishmania spp. em amostras de tecidos caninos. Rev Inst Adolfo Lutz. 2016;75:1686. Disponível em: http://www.ial.sp.gov.br/resources/insituto-adolfo-lutz/publicacoes/rial/10/rial75_completa/artigos-separados/1686.pdf
10. Menezes RC, Figueiredo FB, Wise AG, Madeira MF, Oliveira RV, Schubach TM et al. Sensitivity and specificity of in situ hybridization for diagnosis of cutaneous infection by Leishmania infantum in dogs. J Clin Microbiol. 2013;51(1):206-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.02123-12
11. Dinhopl N, Mostegl MM, Richter B, Nedorost N, Maderner A, Fragner K et al. In situ hybridisation for the detection of Leishmania species in paraffin wax-embedded canine tissues using a digoxigenin-labelled oligonucleotide probe. Vet. Rec. 2011;169(20):525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.d5462
12. Furtado MC, Menezes RC, Kiupel M, Madeira MF, Oliveira RV, Langohr IM et al. Comparative study of in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry and parasitological culture for the diagnosis of canine leishmaniasis. Parasit Vectors. 2015 Dec;8(1):620. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-015-1224-4
13. Barros JH, Almeida AB, Figueiredo FB, Sousa VR, Fagundes A, Pinto AG et al. Occurrence of Trypanosoma caninum in areas overlapping with leishmaniasis in Brazil: what is the real impact of canine leishmaniasis control? Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2012;106(7):419–23. http://dx.doi.org 10.1016/j.trstmh.2012.03.014
14. Scorsato AP, Telles JEQ. Fatores que interferem na qualidade do DNA extraído de amostras biológicas armazenadas em blocos de parafina. J Bras Patol Med Lab. 2011;47(5):541-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1676-24442011000500008
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2018 Juliana Mariotti Guerra, Leonardo José Tadeu de Araújo, Rodrigo Albergaria Ressio, Natália Coelho Couto de Azevedo Fernandes