Keywords
Electron microscopy
Negative staining
Virus
Diagnosis
Negative staining
Virus
Diagnosis
How to Cite
1.
Ueda M, Tanaka H, Kisielius JJ, Joazeiro PP, Weigl DR. Rapid virus diagnoses by electron microscopy. Rev Inst Adolfo Lutz [Internet]. 2021 Jun. 4 [cited 2024 May 19];55(2):57-65. Available from: https://periodicos.saude.sp.gov.br/RIAL/article/view/36541
Abstract
The Electron Microscopy Section of Adolfo Lutz Institute performs rapid virus diagnosis in clinical specimens such as: vesiclc fluid, scrapies lesions, saliva and urine (Herpersvirus group), skin lesions (Papilloma virus, Poxvirus group), diarrhoeal samples (Rotavirus, Adenovirus, Astrovirus, Calicivirus, Small Round Virus Particles-SRVP, Norwalk agent, Parvovirus and Coronavirus) and water's analysis (bacteriophages). It contributes too, in the morphologic quality control of virus antigens anlysing samples of Measle, Influenzae, Rocio, Dengue, Hepatite A and B, HIV, and others.Negative staining is one of the techniques for viruses diagnosis in human diseases. Morphology, sub-structure and shape are important features for diffcrcnriation of the viruses.In spite of high cost, need of specialized technicians and impossibility to carry out analysis of great scale, the negative staining is an easy and rapid method, and it uses little quantity of biological specimens. lt is useful to detect víruscs that are difficult to cultivate in vitro such as several viruscs associated with gastroenteritis in humans, and its advantage is only one that allows to observe two or more agents in lhe same specimen.
Although, there are some Electron Microscopy Laboratorics at Universities and Research Tnstitutions, each laboratory have its own researchs and a few laboratories accomplish the rapid virus diagnosis.
References
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2. ALMEIDA, J.D. & WATERSON, A.P. The morphology of vírus - antibody interaction. Adv. Vírus Res., 15:307 - 38, 1969.
3. ASHLEY, C.R. et alii. Astrovírus-associated gastroenteritis in children. J. Clin. Pathol., 31: 939-43, 1978.
4. BARTH, O.M. Estudos sobre a contrastação negativa de suspensões virais. Rev. Brasil. Biol., 44: 71-80, 1984.
5. BRENNER, S. & HORNE, R.W. A negative staining method for high resolution electron microscopy of víruses. Biochim. Biophvs. Acta., 34: 103-10, 1959.
6. CAUL, E.O. & APPLETON, H. The electron microscopica1 and physical characteristics of small round human fecaJ víruses: an interim scheme for classification. J.M ed ViroI., 9: 25765, 1982.
7. CRUlCKSHANK, J.G. et alii. Electron microscopy in the rapid diagnosis of small pox. Lancei ii, 527, 1966.
8. DANE, D.S. et alii. Vírus-Like particles in serum of patients with Australia-antigen-associated hepatitis. Lancet, ii:695-8, 1970.
9. DERRICK, K.S. Quantitative assay for plant víruses using serologically specific microscopy. Virology, 56: 652-3, 1973
10. DIENSTAG, J.L. et alii. Quantitation of antibody to hepatitis A antigen by immune electron microscopy. Infect.Immull..13: 1209-13, 1976.
11. DOANE, r.w et alii. Rapid laboratory diagnosis of paramyxovirus infection by electron microscopy. Lancet ii, 751, 1967.
12. DOANE, F.w. et alii. Application of electron microscopy to the diagnosis ofvirus infections. Can. Med. Ass. 1., 100: 1043-9, 1969.
13. DOANE, F.w. & ANDERSON, N. Electron microscopy in diagnostic virology. Cambridge University Press, 1987.
14. DOLIN, R. et alii. Novel agents 01'viral enteritis in humans. J. Infect. Dis., 155: 365-76, 1987.
15. DONELLI, G. et al. A three-year diagnostic and epidemiological study on viral infantile diarrhoea in Rome. Epidem. InJ, 100: 311-20, 1988.
16. FIELD, A.M. Diagnostic virology using electron microscopy. Adv. virus. Res., 27: 1-69, 1982.
17. FLEWETT, T.H. et a1ii. Virus particles in gastroenteritis. Lancet ; 2: 1497, 1973.
18. FLEWETT, T.H. et alii. Calicivirus in man (letter). Lancet, ii: 311,1976.
19. GARDNER, P.S. Rapid Virus Diagnosis. (Review Article) J. gen. Virol., 36: 1-29,1977.
20. GELLI, D.S. & SOUZA, A. Bacteriófagos fecais em águas, verduras cruas não lavadas e outros produtos alimentícios: observações quanto ao seu achado durante surto de hepatite infecciosa e em condição normal. Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutz, 52: 63-9, 1992.
21. GLASS, R.I. et alii. Summary of the consensus Workshop on the Electron - microscopic detection of vira1 agents of gastroenteritis. Center for Infectious Diseases, CDC, Atlanta - GA, USA, 1990.
22. JONCAS, 1. et alii. Diagnosis of viral respiratory infection by electron microscopy. Lancei i: 956, 1969.
23. KAPIK1AN, A.Z. et alii. Visualization by immune electron microscopy of a 27 nm particle associated with acute infectious nonbacterial gastroenteritis. J. Virol., 10: 1075-81, 1972.
24. KELLEN, A.E. & McLEOD, D.A. Differentiation of myxoviruses by electronmicroscopy and immunoelectronmicroscopy. In: Kurstak, E. & Morisset, R., eds. Viral imniunodiagnosis, New York, Academic Press, 1974. p. 257-75.
25. KISIELIUS, J.J. et alii. Detecção por microscopia eletrônica (ME), de SRVP ("Small Round Vírus Particles") em fezes de pacientes com quadros de gastroenterites. In: Encontro Nacional de Virologia, 5º São Lourenço, MG, 1990. Resumos, São Lourenço, 1990, p. 691H49.
26. KISIELIUS, J.J. et alii. Detecção de calicivírus por microscopia eletrônica. Tn:Virológica 93. Encontro de Virologia, Abrangência Cone Sul, Porto Alegre, 1993. Resumos, Porto Alegre, 1993. p. 320/PO-3-19.
27. LeBARON, Ch. et alii. Viral agents 01'gastroenteritis - Public health importance and outbreak management. MMWR - Recommcndations and Reports - CDC, 39(RR-5), 1990.
28. LEITE, lP.G. et alii. Astrovirus in faeces 01' children with acute gastroentcritis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz. 489-90, 1991.
29. LEW, J.F. et alii. Six-year retrospective surveillance of gastroenteritis viruses identified at ten electron microscopy centers in the United States and Canadá. Pediatr. Infect. Dis.J., 9: 709-14,1990.
30. MADELEY, C.R. & COSGROVE, B.P. 28 nm particles in faeces in infantile gastroenteritis. (letter) Lancet, ii: 451, 1975.
31. MADELEY, C.R. & COSGROVE, B.P. Calicivírus in mano (letter) Lancei, i: 199-200, 1976.
32. MILLER, S.E. Diagnostic virology by eletron microscopy. ASM News, 54: 475-81, 1988.
33. MONROE, S.S. et alii. Electron microscopy reporting of gastrointestinal viruses in the United Kingdom, 1985-1987. J. Mal. Virol., 33: 193-8. 1991.
34. MOSS, B. Poxviridae and their replication, In: Fields, B.N. et alii. Fundamental Virology. 2nd e. New York, Ed. Raven Press, Ltd, 1991. p. 953-85.
35. NOZAWA. C.M. et alii. Detection of astrovíruslike in diarrhoeic stool and its coexistence with rotavirus. ReJ!. Inst. Med. Trop. Selo Paulo. 27: 238-41,1985.
36. NOYES, W.F. Structure 01'the human wart vírus. Virology, 23: 65-72,1964. 37. PETERS, D. et alii. Viriola die Zwierlassig der electroen mikroskopischen schnell diagnostik. Deutsche Mediziniscte Wochenschrift, 78: 2240, 1962.
38. SALLES-GOMES, L.F. et alii. Varíola: diagnóstico etiológico de 1967 -70, no Instituto Adolfo Lutz. ReJ!. Inst. Adolfo Luti, 31: 5-12, 1971.
39. SHUKLA, D.D. & GOUGH, K.H. The use of protein-A from staphylococcus aureus in immune electron microscopy for detecting plant virus particles. J. Gell. Virol., 45: 5336, 1979.
40. STANBRIDGE, C.M. et alii. Demonstration of papillorna virus particles in cervical and vaginal scrape material: a report of 10 cases. J. Clin. Patho!., 34: 524-31, 1981.
41. STEWIEN, K.E. et alii. Viral, bacterial and parasitic pathogens associated with severe diarrhoea in the city 01'São Paulo. Brazil. J. Diarrhoeal Dis. Res., 11: 148-52, 1993.
42. TAKIMOTO, S. et alii. Preliminar characterization 01'new vírus isolated from the spinal fluid 01' patients with menigitis in São Paulo, Brazil. ReJ!. Inst. Med. trop. Selo Paulo, 32: 162 - 7, 1990.
43. TAKIMOTO, S. et alii. Presumptive rapid diagnosis of parvovírus infection in patients with Erytherna Infectiosum-like ilness. ReJ!. lnst. Adolfo Lutr, 52: 27-30, 1992.
44. TANAKA, H. et alii. Intrafarnilial outbreak of astrovirus gastroenteritis in São Paulo, Brazil. In: General Meeting of the American Society Microbiologv, 91 st, Dallas, Texas, USA, 1991. Abstracts, Dallas, 1991, p. 406.
45. TIMENETSKY, M.C.S.T. et alii, Rotavírus, adenovirus, astrovirus, calicivirus e "small round virus particles" em fezes de crianças, com e sem diarréia aguda, no período de 1987 a 1988, na Grande São Paulo. ReJ!. Inst. Med. Trop. Selo Paulo, 35: 275-80, 1993.
46. UEDA, M. et alii. Diagnóstico rápido de virus do Grupo Herpes por microscopia eletrônica: observações atípicas nas amostras de pacientes aidéticos. Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutr, 51: 57-62, 1991.
2. ALMEIDA, J.D. & WATERSON, A.P. The morphology of vírus - antibody interaction. Adv. Vírus Res., 15:307 - 38, 1969.
3. ASHLEY, C.R. et alii. Astrovírus-associated gastroenteritis in children. J. Clin. Pathol., 31: 939-43, 1978.
4. BARTH, O.M. Estudos sobre a contrastação negativa de suspensões virais. Rev. Brasil. Biol., 44: 71-80, 1984.
5. BRENNER, S. & HORNE, R.W. A negative staining method for high resolution electron microscopy of víruses. Biochim. Biophvs. Acta., 34: 103-10, 1959.
6. CAUL, E.O. & APPLETON, H. The electron microscopica1 and physical characteristics of small round human fecaJ víruses: an interim scheme for classification. J.M ed ViroI., 9: 25765, 1982.
7. CRUlCKSHANK, J.G. et alii. Electron microscopy in the rapid diagnosis of small pox. Lancei ii, 527, 1966.
8. DANE, D.S. et alii. Vírus-Like particles in serum of patients with Australia-antigen-associated hepatitis. Lancet, ii:695-8, 1970.
9. DERRICK, K.S. Quantitative assay for plant víruses using serologically specific microscopy. Virology, 56: 652-3, 1973
10. DIENSTAG, J.L. et alii. Quantitation of antibody to hepatitis A antigen by immune electron microscopy. Infect.Immull..13: 1209-13, 1976.
11. DOANE, r.w et alii. Rapid laboratory diagnosis of paramyxovirus infection by electron microscopy. Lancet ii, 751, 1967.
12. DOANE, F.w. et alii. Application of electron microscopy to the diagnosis ofvirus infections. Can. Med. Ass. 1., 100: 1043-9, 1969.
13. DOANE, F.w. & ANDERSON, N. Electron microscopy in diagnostic virology. Cambridge University Press, 1987.
14. DOLIN, R. et alii. Novel agents 01'viral enteritis in humans. J. Infect. Dis., 155: 365-76, 1987.
15. DONELLI, G. et al. A three-year diagnostic and epidemiological study on viral infantile diarrhoea in Rome. Epidem. InJ, 100: 311-20, 1988.
16. FIELD, A.M. Diagnostic virology using electron microscopy. Adv. virus. Res., 27: 1-69, 1982.
17. FLEWETT, T.H. et a1ii. Virus particles in gastroenteritis. Lancet ; 2: 1497, 1973.
18. FLEWETT, T.H. et alii. Calicivirus in man (letter). Lancet, ii: 311,1976.
19. GARDNER, P.S. Rapid Virus Diagnosis. (Review Article) J. gen. Virol., 36: 1-29,1977.
20. GELLI, D.S. & SOUZA, A. Bacteriófagos fecais em águas, verduras cruas não lavadas e outros produtos alimentícios: observações quanto ao seu achado durante surto de hepatite infecciosa e em condição normal. Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutz, 52: 63-9, 1992.
21. GLASS, R.I. et alii. Summary of the consensus Workshop on the Electron - microscopic detection of vira1 agents of gastroenteritis. Center for Infectious Diseases, CDC, Atlanta - GA, USA, 1990.
22. JONCAS, 1. et alii. Diagnosis of viral respiratory infection by electron microscopy. Lancei i: 956, 1969.
23. KAPIK1AN, A.Z. et alii. Visualization by immune electron microscopy of a 27 nm particle associated with acute infectious nonbacterial gastroenteritis. J. Virol., 10: 1075-81, 1972.
24. KELLEN, A.E. & McLEOD, D.A. Differentiation of myxoviruses by electronmicroscopy and immunoelectronmicroscopy. In: Kurstak, E. & Morisset, R., eds. Viral imniunodiagnosis, New York, Academic Press, 1974. p. 257-75.
25. KISIELIUS, J.J. et alii. Detecção por microscopia eletrônica (ME), de SRVP ("Small Round Vírus Particles") em fezes de pacientes com quadros de gastroenterites. In: Encontro Nacional de Virologia, 5º São Lourenço, MG, 1990. Resumos, São Lourenço, 1990, p. 691H49.
26. KISIELIUS, J.J. et alii. Detecção de calicivírus por microscopia eletrônica. Tn:Virológica 93. Encontro de Virologia, Abrangência Cone Sul, Porto Alegre, 1993. Resumos, Porto Alegre, 1993. p. 320/PO-3-19.
27. LeBARON, Ch. et alii. Viral agents 01'gastroenteritis - Public health importance and outbreak management. MMWR - Recommcndations and Reports - CDC, 39(RR-5), 1990.
28. LEITE, lP.G. et alii. Astrovirus in faeces 01' children with acute gastroentcritis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz. 489-90, 1991.
29. LEW, J.F. et alii. Six-year retrospective surveillance of gastroenteritis viruses identified at ten electron microscopy centers in the United States and Canadá. Pediatr. Infect. Dis.J., 9: 709-14,1990.
30. MADELEY, C.R. & COSGROVE, B.P. 28 nm particles in faeces in infantile gastroenteritis. (letter) Lancet, ii: 451, 1975.
31. MADELEY, C.R. & COSGROVE, B.P. Calicivírus in mano (letter) Lancei, i: 199-200, 1976.
32. MILLER, S.E. Diagnostic virology by eletron microscopy. ASM News, 54: 475-81, 1988.
33. MONROE, S.S. et alii. Electron microscopy reporting of gastrointestinal viruses in the United Kingdom, 1985-1987. J. Mal. Virol., 33: 193-8. 1991.
34. MOSS, B. Poxviridae and their replication, In: Fields, B.N. et alii. Fundamental Virology. 2nd e. New York, Ed. Raven Press, Ltd, 1991. p. 953-85.
35. NOZAWA. C.M. et alii. Detection of astrovíruslike in diarrhoeic stool and its coexistence with rotavirus. ReJ!. Inst. Med. Trop. Selo Paulo. 27: 238-41,1985.
36. NOYES, W.F. Structure 01'the human wart vírus. Virology, 23: 65-72,1964. 37. PETERS, D. et alii. Viriola die Zwierlassig der electroen mikroskopischen schnell diagnostik. Deutsche Mediziniscte Wochenschrift, 78: 2240, 1962.
38. SALLES-GOMES, L.F. et alii. Varíola: diagnóstico etiológico de 1967 -70, no Instituto Adolfo Lutz. ReJ!. Inst. Adolfo Luti, 31: 5-12, 1971.
39. SHUKLA, D.D. & GOUGH, K.H. The use of protein-A from staphylococcus aureus in immune electron microscopy for detecting plant virus particles. J. Gell. Virol., 45: 5336, 1979.
40. STANBRIDGE, C.M. et alii. Demonstration of papillorna virus particles in cervical and vaginal scrape material: a report of 10 cases. J. Clin. Patho!., 34: 524-31, 1981.
41. STEWIEN, K.E. et alii. Viral, bacterial and parasitic pathogens associated with severe diarrhoea in the city 01'São Paulo. Brazil. J. Diarrhoeal Dis. Res., 11: 148-52, 1993.
42. TAKIMOTO, S. et alii. Preliminar characterization 01'new vírus isolated from the spinal fluid 01' patients with menigitis in São Paulo, Brazil. ReJ!. Inst. Med. trop. Selo Paulo, 32: 162 - 7, 1990.
43. TAKIMOTO, S. et alii. Presumptive rapid diagnosis of parvovírus infection in patients with Erytherna Infectiosum-like ilness. ReJ!. lnst. Adolfo Lutr, 52: 27-30, 1992.
44. TANAKA, H. et alii. Intrafarnilial outbreak of astrovirus gastroenteritis in São Paulo, Brazil. In: General Meeting of the American Society Microbiologv, 91 st, Dallas, Texas, USA, 1991. Abstracts, Dallas, 1991, p. 406.
45. TIMENETSKY, M.C.S.T. et alii, Rotavírus, adenovirus, astrovirus, calicivirus e "small round virus particles" em fezes de crianças, com e sem diarréia aguda, no período de 1987 a 1988, na Grande São Paulo. ReJ!. Inst. Med. Trop. Selo Paulo, 35: 275-80, 1993.
46. UEDA, M. et alii. Diagnóstico rápido de virus do Grupo Herpes por microscopia eletrônica: observações atípicas nas amostras de pacientes aidéticos. Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutr, 51: 57-62, 1991.
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