Keywords
leptospirosis
histopathology
immunohistochemistry
pathogenesis
histopathology
immunohistochemistry
pathogenesis
How to Cite
1.
Alves VAF, Siqueira SAC, Pestana CB. Pathology of leptospirosis, A critical analysis of morphological and immunohistochemical features relevant to pathogenesis of systemic lesion. Rev Inst Adolfo Lutz [Internet]. 1989 Jun. 30 [cited 2024 May 20];49(1):75-80. Available from: https://periodicos.saude.sp.gov.br/RIAL/article/view/36935
Abstract
Focus on morphology and immunohistochemistry of human and experimentalleptospirosis, inc1uding a discussion on pathogenesis of major systemic injuries is revised. Liver involvement results in cholestatic hepatitis with cell-plate disarray in severe stages. Renal picture varies from interstitial nephritis up to acute tubular necrosis. Mononuclear myo-
sites are seen in several musc1es, notably in calves. Myocarditis and coronaritis are also described, perhaps related to sudden death. Indeed, leptospiral vasculitis can be considered a systemic and multifocal phenomenon. The lungs may show pneumonic foci or extense haemorrhage. Leptospiral antigen detection in biopsies and autopsies 1ead to the aetiological diagnosis, favoring also pathogenetic possibilities of a direct effect, first of intact leptospires and afterwards of their degrading substances, on membranes of parenchymal and endothelial cells.
References
1. ALVES, V .A.F. - Leptospirose experimental em cobaia: Contribuição de dados morfológicos e imuno-histoquimicos para a compreensão de sua pa-
togênia. São Paulo, 1988. [Tese - Faculdade de Medicina, USP.
2. ALVES, V.A.F.; VIANNA, M.R.; YASUDA, P.H.; & DE BRITO, T. - Detection of leptospiral antigen in the human li ver and kidney using an irnrnunoperoxidase staining procedure. J. Pathol., 151:125-31,1987.
3. ALVES, V.A.F.; YASUDA, P.H.; YAMA SHIRO, E.H.; SANTOS, R.T.M.; YAMAMOTO, L.U. & DE BRITO,T. - An irnrnunohistochemic assay to localize leptospires in tissue specimens. Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo, 28(3): 170-3, 1986.
4. AREAN, V. - The pathologic anatomy and pathogenesis of fatal human leptospirosis (Weil's disease). Amer. J. Pathol., 40:393-423, 1962.
5. ARRIAGA, A.J.D.; ROCHA, A.S.; YASUDA, P.& DE BRITO, T. - Morpho-functional pattems of kidney injury in the experimentalleptospirosis of the guinea-pig (L. ictero-haemorrhagiae). J. Pathol., 138:145-61, 1982.
6. ASHE, W.M.F.; PRATT-THOMAS,H.P.& KUMPE, C.S. - Weil's disease - A complete review of American literature and an abstract of the world literature. Seven case reports. Medicine, Baltimore, 20: 145-210, 1941.
7. AZEVEDO, R. & CORREA, M.O.A. - Considerações em tomo da epidemia de leptospirose na cidade de Recife em 1966: aspectos epidemiológicos, laboratoriais e clínicos. Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutz, 28: 85-111, 1968.
8. BEITZKE, H. - Veber die patologische anatomie der ansteckenden gelbsucht (weil'sche krankheit). Berl.klin. Wochenschr., 53: 188-91, 1916.
9. CAMARGO, M.C.C.; FIGUEIREDO, G.M.; VENEZlANl, P. & OKl, S. - Leptospirose. Rev, paul. Med., 101(2): 74-6, 1983.
10. CORREA LIMA, M.B.C. - Contribuição ao estudo do fígado na leptospirose, Rio de Janeiro, 1971. [Tese-Escola de Medicina e Cirurgia do Rio de Janeiro].
11. DE BRITO, T.; MACHADO, M.M.; MONTANS, S.D.; HOSHINO, S. & FREYMULLER, E. -Liver biopsy in human leptospirosis: a light and electron microscopy study. Virchows Arch. Pathol. Anat., 342 61-9,1967.
12. DE BRITO, T.; MORAIS, C.F.; YASUDA, P.H.; LANCELLOTTI, C.P.; SHIMlZU, S.; YANASHIRO, E. & ALVES, V.A.F. - Cardiovascular involvemente in human and experimentalleptospirosis: pathologifindings and immunohistochemical detection of leptospiral antigen. Ann. trop. Med. Parasit., 81: 207 - 14, 1987.
13. DE BRITO, T.; PENNA, D.O.; PEREIRA, V.G. & HOSHINO, S. - Kidney biopsies in human leptospirosis: a biochemical and electron microscopy study. Virchows Arch. Pathol. Anat., 343: 124-35, 1967.
14. DE BRITO, T.; PENNA, D.; SANTOS, H.; FREYMULLER, E.; ALMEIDA, S.S.; GALVÃO, P.A.A. & PEREIRA, V. - Electron microscopy of human leptospirosis (kidney biopsies). Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 14(3): 397-403, 1965.
15. DESMET, V.J. - Morphologic and histochemical aspects of cholestasis. Prog. Liver Dis., 4: 97 - 132, 1972.
16. DOOLEY, J.R. & ISHAK, K.G. -Leptospirosis. ln: BINFORD, C.R. & CONNOR, D.R. -Pathology of tropical and extraordinary disease. Washington, D.C., 1976. p. 101-6.
17. DRÃGERT, E. - Beitrag zur pathologischen anatomie der weilscher Erkrankung. Virchow' s Arch. Pathol. Anat. Phys., 292: 452-64, 1934.
18. ENRIETT,M.A. - Contribuição ao conhecimento da incidência de leptospiras em murideos, caninos e suínos, no Paraná. Curitiba, 1949. [Tese - Escola Superior de Agricultura e Veterinária do Paraná].
19. JEGHER, H.R.; HOUGHTON, J.D.& FOLEY, J.A. Weil's disease: report of a case and review of recent literature. Arch. Pathol., 20: 447 -76, 1935.
20. JOHNSON, R.C. & FAINE, S. -Genus L Leptospiranoguchi 1917755 AI. ln: - BERGEY'smanual of systematic bacteriology, edited by N.R. krieg and J.G. Hot. Baltimore, Willians and Wilkins, 1984. p. 62-7.
21. KOPPISCH, E. & BOND, W.M. - Themorbid anatomy of human Ieptospirosis: a report of thirteen fatal cases. In: SYMPOSIUM ON LEPTOSPIROSIS, 1952. Washington, Government Printing
Office, 1953. p. 83-105. (Medical Science Publ. n~ 1).
22. LAI, K.K.; AARONS, L; WOODROFFE, AJ. & CLARKSON, A.R. - Renallesions in leptospirosis. Aust. N.z. J. Med., 12:276-9, 1982.
23. MARSHALL, R.B. - The rout of entry of leptospiresinto the kidney tubule. J. medo Microbiol., 9: 149-52, 1976.
24. PENNA, D.; DE BRITO, T.; PUPO, A.A.; MACHADO, M.M.; GALVÃO, P. A.A. & ALMEIDA, S.S. - kidney biopsy in human leptospirosis. Amer.J. trop.Med., 12:896-901, 1963.
25. PICK, L. - Zur pathologischen anatomie des infektiosen icterus. Berl. klin. Wochenschr., 19: 451-5, 1917.
26. SAN JUAN, F.; DUARTE, F.; TREIGER, M. & GONÇALVES, A.J.R. - Aspectos histológicos e funcionais do fígado na leptospirose ictero-hemorrágica. Hospital, 74(4): 95-118,1968.
27. SCHMID,G.P.; STEERE, A.C.; KORNBLATT, KAUFMANN, A.F.; MOSS, C. S.; JOHNSON, R.C.; HOVIND-HOUGEN, K. & BRENNER, DJ. - Newly recognized Leptospira species ("Leptospira inadai" serovar lyme) isolated from human skin. J. clin. microbiol., 24(3): 484-6, 1986.
28. SHELDON, W.H. - Leptospiral antigen demonstrated by the fluorescent antibody technic in human musc1e lesions of Ieptospirosis icterohemorrhagiae. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med., 84: 165-7,1953.
29. SITPRIJA, V. & EVANS, H. - The kidney in human leptospirosis. Am. J. Med., 49: 780-8, 1970.
30. SITPRIJA, V.; PIPATANAGUL, V.; MERTORIDJOJO, R.; BOONPUCKNAVIG V. & BOONPUCKNAVIG, S. - Pathogenesis of renal disease in leptospirosis: clinical and experimental studies. Kidney int., 17: 827 -36, 1980.
31. UIP, D. - Diagnóstico precoce da leptospirose por biâpsia do músuclo da panturilha. São Paulo, 1989. [Dissertação (mestrado) - Faculdade de Medicina, USP].
32. VINH, T.; ADLER, B. & FAINE, S. - Glycolipoproteins cytotoxin fromLeptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni, J. gen. Microbiol., 132:
111-123,1986.
33. VINH, T.; ADLER, E. 7 FAINE, S. - Ultrastructure and chernical composition of lipopolysaccharide extracted from Leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni. J. gen. Microbiol., 132: 103-9, 1986.
34. YASUDA, P.H.; SHIMIZU, S.H.; YAMASHIRO, E.H. & DE BRITO, T. - Experimentalleptospirosis (L. interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae) of the guinea pig: leptospiral antigen, gamma globulin and complement c3 detection in the kidney. Exp. Pathol., 29: 35-43, 1986.
35. YASUDA, P.H.; STEIGERWALT, A.G.; SULZER, K.R.; KAUFMANN,A. F.; ROGERS,F.& BRENNER, DJ. - Deoxyribonuc1eic acid relatedness between serogroups and serovars in the family Leptospiraceae with proposals for seven new Leptospira species.Int. J. system. Bacteriol., 37(4): 407-15,1987.
togênia. São Paulo, 1988. [Tese - Faculdade de Medicina, USP.
2. ALVES, V.A.F.; VIANNA, M.R.; YASUDA, P.H.; & DE BRITO, T. - Detection of leptospiral antigen in the human li ver and kidney using an irnrnunoperoxidase staining procedure. J. Pathol., 151:125-31,1987.
3. ALVES, V.A.F.; YASUDA, P.H.; YAMA SHIRO, E.H.; SANTOS, R.T.M.; YAMAMOTO, L.U. & DE BRITO,T. - An irnrnunohistochemic assay to localize leptospires in tissue specimens. Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo, 28(3): 170-3, 1986.
4. AREAN, V. - The pathologic anatomy and pathogenesis of fatal human leptospirosis (Weil's disease). Amer. J. Pathol., 40:393-423, 1962.
5. ARRIAGA, A.J.D.; ROCHA, A.S.; YASUDA, P.& DE BRITO, T. - Morpho-functional pattems of kidney injury in the experimentalleptospirosis of the guinea-pig (L. ictero-haemorrhagiae). J. Pathol., 138:145-61, 1982.
6. ASHE, W.M.F.; PRATT-THOMAS,H.P.& KUMPE, C.S. - Weil's disease - A complete review of American literature and an abstract of the world literature. Seven case reports. Medicine, Baltimore, 20: 145-210, 1941.
7. AZEVEDO, R. & CORREA, M.O.A. - Considerações em tomo da epidemia de leptospirose na cidade de Recife em 1966: aspectos epidemiológicos, laboratoriais e clínicos. Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutz, 28: 85-111, 1968.
8. BEITZKE, H. - Veber die patologische anatomie der ansteckenden gelbsucht (weil'sche krankheit). Berl.klin. Wochenschr., 53: 188-91, 1916.
9. CAMARGO, M.C.C.; FIGUEIREDO, G.M.; VENEZlANl, P. & OKl, S. - Leptospirose. Rev, paul. Med., 101(2): 74-6, 1983.
10. CORREA LIMA, M.B.C. - Contribuição ao estudo do fígado na leptospirose, Rio de Janeiro, 1971. [Tese-Escola de Medicina e Cirurgia do Rio de Janeiro].
11. DE BRITO, T.; MACHADO, M.M.; MONTANS, S.D.; HOSHINO, S. & FREYMULLER, E. -Liver biopsy in human leptospirosis: a light and electron microscopy study. Virchows Arch. Pathol. Anat., 342 61-9,1967.
12. DE BRITO, T.; MORAIS, C.F.; YASUDA, P.H.; LANCELLOTTI, C.P.; SHIMlZU, S.; YANASHIRO, E. & ALVES, V.A.F. - Cardiovascular involvemente in human and experimentalleptospirosis: pathologifindings and immunohistochemical detection of leptospiral antigen. Ann. trop. Med. Parasit., 81: 207 - 14, 1987.
13. DE BRITO, T.; PENNA, D.O.; PEREIRA, V.G. & HOSHINO, S. - Kidney biopsies in human leptospirosis: a biochemical and electron microscopy study. Virchows Arch. Pathol. Anat., 343: 124-35, 1967.
14. DE BRITO, T.; PENNA, D.; SANTOS, H.; FREYMULLER, E.; ALMEIDA, S.S.; GALVÃO, P.A.A. & PEREIRA, V. - Electron microscopy of human leptospirosis (kidney biopsies). Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 14(3): 397-403, 1965.
15. DESMET, V.J. - Morphologic and histochemical aspects of cholestasis. Prog. Liver Dis., 4: 97 - 132, 1972.
16. DOOLEY, J.R. & ISHAK, K.G. -Leptospirosis. ln: BINFORD, C.R. & CONNOR, D.R. -Pathology of tropical and extraordinary disease. Washington, D.C., 1976. p. 101-6.
17. DRÃGERT, E. - Beitrag zur pathologischen anatomie der weilscher Erkrankung. Virchow' s Arch. Pathol. Anat. Phys., 292: 452-64, 1934.
18. ENRIETT,M.A. - Contribuição ao conhecimento da incidência de leptospiras em murideos, caninos e suínos, no Paraná. Curitiba, 1949. [Tese - Escola Superior de Agricultura e Veterinária do Paraná].
19. JEGHER, H.R.; HOUGHTON, J.D.& FOLEY, J.A. Weil's disease: report of a case and review of recent literature. Arch. Pathol., 20: 447 -76, 1935.
20. JOHNSON, R.C. & FAINE, S. -Genus L Leptospiranoguchi 1917755 AI. ln: - BERGEY'smanual of systematic bacteriology, edited by N.R. krieg and J.G. Hot. Baltimore, Willians and Wilkins, 1984. p. 62-7.
21. KOPPISCH, E. & BOND, W.M. - Themorbid anatomy of human Ieptospirosis: a report of thirteen fatal cases. In: SYMPOSIUM ON LEPTOSPIROSIS, 1952. Washington, Government Printing
Office, 1953. p. 83-105. (Medical Science Publ. n~ 1).
22. LAI, K.K.; AARONS, L; WOODROFFE, AJ. & CLARKSON, A.R. - Renallesions in leptospirosis. Aust. N.z. J. Med., 12:276-9, 1982.
23. MARSHALL, R.B. - The rout of entry of leptospiresinto the kidney tubule. J. medo Microbiol., 9: 149-52, 1976.
24. PENNA, D.; DE BRITO, T.; PUPO, A.A.; MACHADO, M.M.; GALVÃO, P. A.A. & ALMEIDA, S.S. - kidney biopsy in human leptospirosis. Amer.J. trop.Med., 12:896-901, 1963.
25. PICK, L. - Zur pathologischen anatomie des infektiosen icterus. Berl. klin. Wochenschr., 19: 451-5, 1917.
26. SAN JUAN, F.; DUARTE, F.; TREIGER, M. & GONÇALVES, A.J.R. - Aspectos histológicos e funcionais do fígado na leptospirose ictero-hemorrágica. Hospital, 74(4): 95-118,1968.
27. SCHMID,G.P.; STEERE, A.C.; KORNBLATT, KAUFMANN, A.F.; MOSS, C. S.; JOHNSON, R.C.; HOVIND-HOUGEN, K. & BRENNER, DJ. - Newly recognized Leptospira species ("Leptospira inadai" serovar lyme) isolated from human skin. J. clin. microbiol., 24(3): 484-6, 1986.
28. SHELDON, W.H. - Leptospiral antigen demonstrated by the fluorescent antibody technic in human musc1e lesions of Ieptospirosis icterohemorrhagiae. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med., 84: 165-7,1953.
29. SITPRIJA, V. & EVANS, H. - The kidney in human leptospirosis. Am. J. Med., 49: 780-8, 1970.
30. SITPRIJA, V.; PIPATANAGUL, V.; MERTORIDJOJO, R.; BOONPUCKNAVIG V. & BOONPUCKNAVIG, S. - Pathogenesis of renal disease in leptospirosis: clinical and experimental studies. Kidney int., 17: 827 -36, 1980.
31. UIP, D. - Diagnóstico precoce da leptospirose por biâpsia do músuclo da panturilha. São Paulo, 1989. [Dissertação (mestrado) - Faculdade de Medicina, USP].
32. VINH, T.; ADLER, B. & FAINE, S. - Glycolipoproteins cytotoxin fromLeptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni, J. gen. Microbiol., 132:
111-123,1986.
33. VINH, T.; ADLER, E. 7 FAINE, S. - Ultrastructure and chernical composition of lipopolysaccharide extracted from Leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni. J. gen. Microbiol., 132: 103-9, 1986.
34. YASUDA, P.H.; SHIMIZU, S.H.; YAMASHIRO, E.H. & DE BRITO, T. - Experimentalleptospirosis (L. interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae) of the guinea pig: leptospiral antigen, gamma globulin and complement c3 detection in the kidney. Exp. Pathol., 29: 35-43, 1986.
35. YASUDA, P.H.; STEIGERWALT, A.G.; SULZER, K.R.; KAUFMANN,A. F.; ROGERS,F.& BRENNER, DJ. - Deoxyribonuc1eic acid relatedness between serogroups and serovars in the family Leptospiraceae with proposals for seven new Leptospira species.Int. J. system. Bacteriol., 37(4): 407-15,1987.
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Copyright (c) 1989 Instituto Adolfo Lutz Journal
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