Palabras clave
prisões
baciloscopia
técnicas de cultura
escarro
Cómo citar
Resumen
Cultura de micobactérias proporciona o crescimento de bacilos viáveis, mesmo presentes em escassa quantidade e não detectados pela baciloscopia. Neste estudo foram analisadas as amostras de escarro que apresentaram baciloscopia negativa e cultura positiva. As amostras foram coletadas de 2008 a 2013, de indivíduos detidos em Centros de Detenção Provisória de Santo André, Mauá e Diadema, Estado de São Paulo. As metodologias utilizadas foram baciloscopia por coloração Ziehl-Neelsen e cultura pelo Sistema BACTEC MGIT 960 e Ogawa-Kudoh. Dos 11.529 exames realizados, 221 (1,9 %) apresentaram baciloscopias negativas e culturas positivas. Dos 221 isolados, 166 (75,1 %) pertenciam ao Complexo Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 21 (9,5 %) micobactérias não membros do Complexo Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MNT), 33 (14,9 %) Mycobaterium sp e uma cultura mista do Complexo M. tuberculosis e M. avium. MNT mais frequentes foram M. avium (23,8 %) e M. fortuitum (19,0 %). A maioria dos isolados do Complexo M. tuberculosis (155/166 - 93,4 %) foi sensível aos antimicrobianos. Sete amostras apresentaram resistência à isoniazida e uma apresentou multirresistência à isoniazida e rifampicina. Este estudo mostra a importância da realização da cultura em escarros que apresentam baciloscopia negativa no diagnóstico da TB e micobacteriose. O tratamento tardio causa a continuidade da transmissão da doença e agravamento do quadro clínico.
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