Tratamento clínico das reações da Hanseníase com repercussão neurológica – revisão histórica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47878/hi.2012.v37.35088Palavras-chave:
reações, hanseníase, neuropatia, esteróidesResumo
Foi realizada uma busca na literatura sobre o tratamento da neuropatia da hanseníase durante episódios reacionais, no tocante às reações tipo 1 e tipo 2. O levantamento refere-se ao período 1976-2010. Foram consultadas as bases de dados LILAU, MEDLINE e LILACS. O enfoque principal foi o tratamento das reações hansênicas, com esteróides via oral empregado nos Programas de Controle da Hanseníase.
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Referências
1 Rose P, Waters MFR. Reversal reaction in leprosy and their management. Lepr Rev 1991; 62:113-1.
2 Saunderson P. The epidemiology of reactions and nerve damage. Workshop proceedings: Leprosy research at the new millennium; Paris. Lepr Rev 2000 Dec.; 71 Suppl:S106-10.
3 Lienhardt C, Fine PEM. Type I reaction, neuritis and disability in leprosy. What is the current epidemiological situation? Lepr Rev 1994; 65:9-33.
4 Van Brakel WH, Khawas IB. Nerve damage in leprosy: an epidemiological and clinical study – Part 2: Results of steroid treatment. Lepr Rev 1996; 67: 104-18.
5 Selvaraj G, Prabakar N, Muliyil J, Martin G. Incidence of disabilities among multi-bacillary cases after initiation of multidrug therapy and factors associated with the risk of developing disabilities. Indian j Lepr 1998; 71 (5):11-6.
6 Carvalho MLR, Araújo MG, Guedes ACM, Patrus AO. Reação tipo 1 na hanseníase borderline tuberculóide durante a poliquimioterapia: época de aparecimento e nervos acometidos. An Bras Dermatol 1995; 70(3):205-8.
7 Nery JAC, Vieira LMM, De Mattos HJ, Gallo ME, Sarno EN. Reactional states in multibacillary Hansen disease patients during multidrug therapy. Rev Inst Med Trop São Paulo 1998 Nov.-Dec.; 40(6):363-70.
8 Pimentel MIF, Borges E, Sarno EN, Nery JAC, Gonçalves RR. O exame neurológico inicial na hanseníase multibacilar: correlação entre a presença de nervos afetados com incapacidades presentes no diagnóstico e com a ocorrência de neurites francas. An Bras Dermatol 2003; 78(5):561-8.
9 Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Políticas de Saúde. Departamento de Atenção Básica. Guia para o controle da hanseníase. Brasília; 2002. (Cadernos de Atenção Básica n. 10, Série A: Normas e Manuais Técnicos, n 111). 89p.
10 Garbino JA, Nery JA, Virmond M, Stump PRNA, Baccarelli R, Marques Jr W. Hanseníase: Diagnóstico e Tratamento da Neuropatia. Projeto Diretrizes AMB/CFM – 2004 Disponível em: http://www.amb.org.br
11 Naafs B, Pearson JMH, Baar AJM. A follow-up study of nerve lesions in leprosy during and after reaction using motor nerve conduction velocity. Int J Lepr 1976; 44:188-97.
12 Naafs B, Pearson JMH, Wheate HW. Reversal Reaction: The prevention of Permanent Nerve Damage Comparison of Short and Long-Term Steroid Treatment. Int J Lep 1979; 47(1):7-12.
13 Sirinivasan H, Rao KS, Shanmugam N. Steroid therapy in recent “quiet nerve paralysis” in leprosy. Lepr in India 1982; 54(3):412-9.
14 Lockwood DNJ, Vinayakumar S, Stanley JNA, McAdam KPWJ, Colston MJ. Clinical features and outcome of reversal (type 1) reactions in Hyderabad, India. Inter J Lepr 1993; 61(1):8-15.
15 Thacker AK, Chandra S, Mukhija RD, Sarkari NB. Electro-physiological evaluation of nerves during reactions in leprosy. J
Neurol. 1996; (243):530-35.
16 Naafs B. Treatment of Reactions and Nerve Damage. Int J Lepr. 1996; 64 (4) S 21-8.
17 Roche PW, Theuvenet J, LE Master J W, Butlin C R. Contribution of Type 1 Reaction to sensory and motor function loss in borderline leprosy patients and the efficacy of treatment
with Prednisone. Int J Lepr. 1998; 66 (3):340-7.
18 Sugumaran ST. Steroid therapy for paralitic deformities in leprosy. Inter J Lepr 1997; 65(3):337-44.
19 Wilder-Smith A, Wilder-Smith E. Effect of Steroid Therapy on Parameters of Peripheral Autonomic Dysfunction in Leprosy Patients with Acute Neuritis. Inter J Lepr 1997; 65(1):20-7.
20 Saunderson P, Haile-Mariam N. Monitoring steroid use in a field program: possible process indicators. Inter J Lepr 1997; 65 (2):217:23.
21 Little D, Kanolkar-Young S, Coulthart A, Suneetha S, Lockwood DNJ. Immunohistochemical analysis of cellular infiltrate and Gamma Interferon, Interleukin-12, and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression in leprosy Typt Type 1 (Reversal) Reactions before and during Prednisolone treatment. Infect Immun 2001; 69(5): 3413-7.
22 Van Brakel WH. Peripheral neuropathy in leprosy and its consequences. Workshop proceedings: leprosy research at the new millennium. Lepr Rev 2000 Dec;71 Suppl:S146-53.
23 Lockwood DNJ. Steroids in leprosy Type 1 (reversal) reactions: mechanisms of action and effectiveness. Workshop proceedings: Leprosy research at the new millennium; Lepr Rev 2000 Dec.; 71 Suppl: S111-4.
24 Ebenezer M, Andrew P, Solomon S. Comparative trial of steroids and surgical intervention in the management of ulnar neuritis. Inter J Lepr 1996; 64(3):282:6.
25 Manandhar R, Shrestha N, Butlin CR, Roche PW. High levels of inflammatory cytokines are associated with poor clinical response to steroid treatment and recurrent episodes of type 1 reactions in leprosy. Cin Exp Immunol 2002; 128:333-8.
26 Van Brakel WH, Anderson AM, Withington SG, Croft RP, Nichols PG, Richardus JH et al. The prognostic importance of detecting mild sensory impairment in leprosy: a randomized controlled trial (TRIPOD 2). Lepr Rev 2003; 74:300-10.
27 Richardus JH, Withington SG, Anderson AM, Croft RP, Nicholls PG, Van Brakel WH et al. Treatment with corticosteroids of long-standing nerve function impairment in leprosy: a randomized controlled trial (TRIPOD 3). Lepr Rev 2003a ; 74:311-8.
28 Van Brackel WH, Sauderson P, Shetty V, Brandsma JW, Jellema R et al. International workshop on neuropathology in leprosy – consensus report. Lepr Rev 2007; 78 (4): 416-33.
29 Garbino JA, Virmond M, Ura S, Salgado MH, Naafs B. A randomized clinical trial of oral steroids for ulnar neuropathy in type1 and type 2 leprosy reactions. Arquivos de Neuro--psiquiatria, 2008; 66(4):861-7.
30 Capadia GD, Shetty VP, Khambati FA, Ghate SD. Effect of Corticosteroid Usage Combined With Multidrug Therapy on Nerve Damage Assessed Using Nerve Conduction Studies: A Prospective Cohort Study of 365 Untreated Multibacillary Leprosy Patients. Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology. 2010 ; 27(1):38-47
31 Grossi, MAF e cols. Orientações para uso: Corticosteroides em Hanseníase. Série A. Normas e Manuais Técnicos. Ministério da Saúde do Brasil, Brasília, 2010, p.51
32 Mahajan VK, Sharma NL, Sharma RC, Sharma A. Pulse dexamethason, oral steroids and azathioprine in the management of erythema nodosum. Lepr. Rev. 2003 ;74: 171-4
33 Marlowe SNS, Hawsworth RA, Butlin CR, Nichols PG, Lockwood DNJ. Clinical outcomes in a randomized controlled study comparing azathioprine and prednisolone versus prednisolone alone in the treatment of severe leprosy type 1 reactions in Nepal. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2004; 98 (10):602-9.
34 De Sena CB , Salgado CG,Tavares CM, Da Cruz CA, Xavier MB, Do Nascimento JL. Cyclosporine a treatment of leprosy patients with chronic neuritis is associated with pain control and reduction in antibodies against nerve growth factor. Lep Rev. 2006;77(2):121-9.
35 Biosca G, Casallo S, Lopez-Velez R. Methotrexate treatment for type 1 (reversal) leprosy reactions. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;45(1):7-9.
36 Theophilus S. Treatment with thalidomide in steroid dependency and neuritis. Leprosy in India. 1980; 52(3):423-8.
37 Lombardi V, Di Giovanni T, Zizza F. Acute collapse of thoracic vertebral bodies after long-term steroid treatment in leprosy. Surg Neurol 1982; 17:293-4.
38 Bernardin R, Thomas B. Surgery for neuritis in leprosy: indications for and results of different types of procedures. Lepr Rev 1997; 68:147-54.
39 Sugumaran ST. Leprosy reactions – complications of steroid therapy. Inter J Lepr 1998; 66(1):10-5.
40 Richardus JH, Withington SG, Anderson AM, Croft RP, Nicholls PG, Van Brakel WH et al. Adverse events of standardized regimens of corticosteroids of prophylaxis and treatment of nerve function impairment in leprosy: results from the ‘TRIPOD’ trials. Lepr Rev 2003b ; 74:319-27.
2 Saunderson P. The epidemiology of reactions and nerve damage. Workshop proceedings: Leprosy research at the new millennium; Paris. Lepr Rev 2000 Dec.; 71 Suppl:S106-10.
3 Lienhardt C, Fine PEM. Type I reaction, neuritis and disability in leprosy. What is the current epidemiological situation? Lepr Rev 1994; 65:9-33.
4 Van Brakel WH, Khawas IB. Nerve damage in leprosy: an epidemiological and clinical study – Part 2: Results of steroid treatment. Lepr Rev 1996; 67: 104-18.
5 Selvaraj G, Prabakar N, Muliyil J, Martin G. Incidence of disabilities among multi-bacillary cases after initiation of multidrug therapy and factors associated with the risk of developing disabilities. Indian j Lepr 1998; 71 (5):11-6.
6 Carvalho MLR, Araújo MG, Guedes ACM, Patrus AO. Reação tipo 1 na hanseníase borderline tuberculóide durante a poliquimioterapia: época de aparecimento e nervos acometidos. An Bras Dermatol 1995; 70(3):205-8.
7 Nery JAC, Vieira LMM, De Mattos HJ, Gallo ME, Sarno EN. Reactional states in multibacillary Hansen disease patients during multidrug therapy. Rev Inst Med Trop São Paulo 1998 Nov.-Dec.; 40(6):363-70.
8 Pimentel MIF, Borges E, Sarno EN, Nery JAC, Gonçalves RR. O exame neurológico inicial na hanseníase multibacilar: correlação entre a presença de nervos afetados com incapacidades presentes no diagnóstico e com a ocorrência de neurites francas. An Bras Dermatol 2003; 78(5):561-8.
9 Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Políticas de Saúde. Departamento de Atenção Básica. Guia para o controle da hanseníase. Brasília; 2002. (Cadernos de Atenção Básica n. 10, Série A: Normas e Manuais Técnicos, n 111). 89p.
10 Garbino JA, Nery JA, Virmond M, Stump PRNA, Baccarelli R, Marques Jr W. Hanseníase: Diagnóstico e Tratamento da Neuropatia. Projeto Diretrizes AMB/CFM – 2004 Disponível em: http://www.amb.org.br
11 Naafs B, Pearson JMH, Baar AJM. A follow-up study of nerve lesions in leprosy during and after reaction using motor nerve conduction velocity. Int J Lepr 1976; 44:188-97.
12 Naafs B, Pearson JMH, Wheate HW. Reversal Reaction: The prevention of Permanent Nerve Damage Comparison of Short and Long-Term Steroid Treatment. Int J Lep 1979; 47(1):7-12.
13 Sirinivasan H, Rao KS, Shanmugam N. Steroid therapy in recent “quiet nerve paralysis” in leprosy. Lepr in India 1982; 54(3):412-9.
14 Lockwood DNJ, Vinayakumar S, Stanley JNA, McAdam KPWJ, Colston MJ. Clinical features and outcome of reversal (type 1) reactions in Hyderabad, India. Inter J Lepr 1993; 61(1):8-15.
15 Thacker AK, Chandra S, Mukhija RD, Sarkari NB. Electro-physiological evaluation of nerves during reactions in leprosy. J
Neurol. 1996; (243):530-35.
16 Naafs B. Treatment of Reactions and Nerve Damage. Int J Lepr. 1996; 64 (4) S 21-8.
17 Roche PW, Theuvenet J, LE Master J W, Butlin C R. Contribution of Type 1 Reaction to sensory and motor function loss in borderline leprosy patients and the efficacy of treatment
with Prednisone. Int J Lepr. 1998; 66 (3):340-7.
18 Sugumaran ST. Steroid therapy for paralitic deformities in leprosy. Inter J Lepr 1997; 65(3):337-44.
19 Wilder-Smith A, Wilder-Smith E. Effect of Steroid Therapy on Parameters of Peripheral Autonomic Dysfunction in Leprosy Patients with Acute Neuritis. Inter J Lepr 1997; 65(1):20-7.
20 Saunderson P, Haile-Mariam N. Monitoring steroid use in a field program: possible process indicators. Inter J Lepr 1997; 65 (2):217:23.
21 Little D, Kanolkar-Young S, Coulthart A, Suneetha S, Lockwood DNJ. Immunohistochemical analysis of cellular infiltrate and Gamma Interferon, Interleukin-12, and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression in leprosy Typt Type 1 (Reversal) Reactions before and during Prednisolone treatment. Infect Immun 2001; 69(5): 3413-7.
22 Van Brakel WH. Peripheral neuropathy in leprosy and its consequences. Workshop proceedings: leprosy research at the new millennium. Lepr Rev 2000 Dec;71 Suppl:S146-53.
23 Lockwood DNJ. Steroids in leprosy Type 1 (reversal) reactions: mechanisms of action and effectiveness. Workshop proceedings: Leprosy research at the new millennium; Lepr Rev 2000 Dec.; 71 Suppl: S111-4.
24 Ebenezer M, Andrew P, Solomon S. Comparative trial of steroids and surgical intervention in the management of ulnar neuritis. Inter J Lepr 1996; 64(3):282:6.
25 Manandhar R, Shrestha N, Butlin CR, Roche PW. High levels of inflammatory cytokines are associated with poor clinical response to steroid treatment and recurrent episodes of type 1 reactions in leprosy. Cin Exp Immunol 2002; 128:333-8.
26 Van Brakel WH, Anderson AM, Withington SG, Croft RP, Nichols PG, Richardus JH et al. The prognostic importance of detecting mild sensory impairment in leprosy: a randomized controlled trial (TRIPOD 2). Lepr Rev 2003; 74:300-10.
27 Richardus JH, Withington SG, Anderson AM, Croft RP, Nicholls PG, Van Brakel WH et al. Treatment with corticosteroids of long-standing nerve function impairment in leprosy: a randomized controlled trial (TRIPOD 3). Lepr Rev 2003a ; 74:311-8.
28 Van Brackel WH, Sauderson P, Shetty V, Brandsma JW, Jellema R et al. International workshop on neuropathology in leprosy – consensus report. Lepr Rev 2007; 78 (4): 416-33.
29 Garbino JA, Virmond M, Ura S, Salgado MH, Naafs B. A randomized clinical trial of oral steroids for ulnar neuropathy in type1 and type 2 leprosy reactions. Arquivos de Neuro--psiquiatria, 2008; 66(4):861-7.
30 Capadia GD, Shetty VP, Khambati FA, Ghate SD. Effect of Corticosteroid Usage Combined With Multidrug Therapy on Nerve Damage Assessed Using Nerve Conduction Studies: A Prospective Cohort Study of 365 Untreated Multibacillary Leprosy Patients. Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology. 2010 ; 27(1):38-47
31 Grossi, MAF e cols. Orientações para uso: Corticosteroides em Hanseníase. Série A. Normas e Manuais Técnicos. Ministério da Saúde do Brasil, Brasília, 2010, p.51
32 Mahajan VK, Sharma NL, Sharma RC, Sharma A. Pulse dexamethason, oral steroids and azathioprine in the management of erythema nodosum. Lepr. Rev. 2003 ;74: 171-4
33 Marlowe SNS, Hawsworth RA, Butlin CR, Nichols PG, Lockwood DNJ. Clinical outcomes in a randomized controlled study comparing azathioprine and prednisolone versus prednisolone alone in the treatment of severe leprosy type 1 reactions in Nepal. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2004; 98 (10):602-9.
34 De Sena CB , Salgado CG,Tavares CM, Da Cruz CA, Xavier MB, Do Nascimento JL. Cyclosporine a treatment of leprosy patients with chronic neuritis is associated with pain control and reduction in antibodies against nerve growth factor. Lep Rev. 2006;77(2):121-9.
35 Biosca G, Casallo S, Lopez-Velez R. Methotrexate treatment for type 1 (reversal) leprosy reactions. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;45(1):7-9.
36 Theophilus S. Treatment with thalidomide in steroid dependency and neuritis. Leprosy in India. 1980; 52(3):423-8.
37 Lombardi V, Di Giovanni T, Zizza F. Acute collapse of thoracic vertebral bodies after long-term steroid treatment in leprosy. Surg Neurol 1982; 17:293-4.
38 Bernardin R, Thomas B. Surgery for neuritis in leprosy: indications for and results of different types of procedures. Lepr Rev 1997; 68:147-54.
39 Sugumaran ST. Leprosy reactions – complications of steroid therapy. Inter J Lepr 1998; 66(1):10-5.
40 Richardus JH, Withington SG, Anderson AM, Croft RP, Nicholls PG, Van Brakel WH et al. Adverse events of standardized regimens of corticosteroids of prophylaxis and treatment of nerve function impairment in leprosy: results from the ‘TRIPOD’ trials. Lepr Rev 2003b ; 74:319-27.
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30-06-2012
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1.
Garbino JA. Tratamento clínico das reações da Hanseníase com repercussão neurológica – revisão histórica. Hansen. Int. [Internet]. 30º de junho de 2012 [citado 16º de abril de 2024];37(1):69-77. Disponível em: https://periodicos.saude.sp.gov.br/hansenologia/article/view/35088
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Este periódico está licenciado sob uma Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
