Diagnóstico de infecção por vírus linfotrópicos de células T humanas dos tipos 1 (HTLV-1) e -2 (HTLV-2) em população de risco: passado, presente e futuro

Adele Caterino-de-Araújo

doi:10.53393/rial.2009.v68.32715

Vol. 68 No. 2 (2009), REVIEW ARTICLE

Vol. 68 No. 2 (2009)

Diagnosis of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and type 2 (HTLV-2) infection in at-risk populations: past, present and future

REVIEW ARTICLE

https://doi.org/10.53393/rial.2009.v68.32715

Published 2009-04-01

Adele Caterino-de-Araújo⁺⁻

Adele Caterino-de-Araújo

Secretaria da Saúde de São Paulo, Coordenadoria de Controle de Doenças, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Centro de Imunologia, São Paulo, SP

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Keywords

human T-cell lymphotopic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)
human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 2 (HTLV-2)
diagnosis
serology
enzyme immunoassay (EIA)
Western blot (WB)
polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

How to Cite

1.

Caterino-de-Araújo A. Diagnosis of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and type 2 (HTLV-2) infection in at-risk populations: past, present and future. Rev Inst Adolfo Lutz [Internet]. 2009 Apr. 1 [cited 2024 Jul. 22];68(2):182-6. Available from: https://periodicos.saude.sp.gov.br/RIAL/article/view/32715

Abstract

Brazil presents the major number of human T lymphotropic virus type 1 and type 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) infections worldwide, with more than 2.5 million infected individuals. In 1993, HTLV serology was considered mandatory in blood banks. HTLV-1 causes adult T-cell leukemia and mielopathy associated with HTLV-1/tropical spastic paraparesis, in addition to other diseases. HTLV-2 has been pointed as the cause of some neurological manifestations and to interfere in HIV/AIDS progression. Commercially available serological assays, which identify specific antibodies, lack in correctly diagnosing, mostly for HTLV-2 infection. Several screening and confirmatory testing algorithm for HTLV-1/2 infections have been proposed, but none of them showed 100% efficiency in diagnosing high-risk individuals. Remarkable number of sera has resulted in indeterminate Western blot, and this could be a consequence of the viruses isolates employed for the kits composition. It has been proposed the use of molecular assays as confirmatory test, but they have not been employed in routine yet. Since 1991, the Immunology Department of Instituto Adolfo Lutz has led to carrying out the serological and molecular studies on HTLV-1/2 infections, and presently it has a challenge for improving the laboratory diagnosis of HTLV-2.

https://doi.org/10.53393/rial.2009.v68.32715

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