Keywords
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
coagulase-negative staphylocoocci
urinary tract infections
novobiocin resistance
coagulase-negative staphylocoocci
urinary tract infections
novobiocin resistance
How to Cite
1.
Tondella MLC, Sacchi CT, Buschinelli SSO, Casagrande ST, Brandileone MC de C, Milagres LG. Use of NNS (Novobiocin-Nitrate-Sucrose) medium to differentiate Staphylococcus saprophyticus from other coagulase-negative staphylococci . Rev Inst Adolfo Lutz [Internet]. 1989 Dec. 29 [cited 2024 Nov. 25];49(2):137-43. Available from: https://periodicos.saude.sp.gov.br/RIAL/article/view/36943
Abstract
Using the NNS medium, a simple base medium containing pottassium nitrate, sucrose and novobi ocin , we differentiated Staphylococcus saprophyt icus isolate d from urine specimens from other coagulase negative staphylococci, with a positive predicative value of 100%, sensitivity of 95,9%, specificity of 100% and efficiency of 97,2%. Staphylococcus saprophyticus has been differentiated from the other species by its resistance to novobiocin, but three other coagulase-negative staphylococcal species (Staphylococcus cohnii, Staphylococcus xylosus and Staphylococcus sciuri) are also novobiocin resistant. Staphylococcus cohnii fails to utilize the carboydrate sucrose in 88% of strains and Staphylococcus
zylosus and Staphylococcus sciuri rcduce nitrate in 100 and 80% of strains, respectively. These features were used in lhe formulation of this differential medium, which is not based exclusively on the resistance to novobiocin of Staphylococcus saprophytic us strains, but also on its capacity to utilise the carboydrate sucrose and its lack of the nitrate redution activity. Reference strains of Staphylococcus species were used to trest the NNS medium.
References
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3. BAILEY, W.R. & SCOTI, E.G. - Diagnostic microbiology, St. Louis, C.V. Mosky Co.; 1966.
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Pathol., 45: 493-6, 1966.
5. CARPENTER, C.M.; SUHRLAND, L.G. & MORRISON, M. The oxalate salt of paminodimethylamine, an improved reagent for the oxidase test. Science , 1105: 649, 1947.
6. CRISTENSEN, G.D.; PARISI, I.T.; BISNO, A.L.; SltvlPSON, W.A. & BEACHEY, E,H. - Characterization of clinically significant strains of coagulase-negative staphylocoocci. J. clin, Microbiol., 18: 258-69, 1983.
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10. GALEN, R.S. & GAMBINO, S.R. - Beyond normality: the predictive value and efficiency of medical diagnos es, New York, John Wiley, 1975. p. 115-6.
11. GILL, V.I.; SELEPAK, S.T. & WILLIAMS, E.C. Species identification and antibiotic susceptibilities of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from clinical specimes .. J. clin, Microbiol., 18 (6):1314-9, 1983.
12. GILLESPIE, W.A.; SELLIN, M.; GILL" P.; STEPHENS, M.; TUCKWELL, L.A. & HILTON, A.L.- Urinary tract infections in young women with special reference to Staphylococcus saprophyticus. J. clin, Pathol., 31.
13. GOLDSTEIN, J.; SCHULMAN, R.; KELLEY, E.; McKINLEY, G. & FUNG, J. - Effect of different media on determination of novobiocin resistence for differenciation of coagulase-negative staphylococci. J. clin, Microbioi.; 18:592-5 1983.
14. HEBERT, G.A.; COOKSEY, R.C.; CLARK x.c., HILL, B.C.; JARVIS, W.R. & THORNSBERRY, C. - Biotyping coagulase negative staphylococci. J.
clin. Microbiol., 26(10):1950-6, 1988.
15. HEBERT, G.A.; CROWDER, C.G.; HANCOCK, G.A.; JARVIS, W.R. & THORNSBERRY, C. - Characteristics of coagulase-negative that help differentiate these species and other membcrs of lhe family Micr oco ccaceae, J. clin, Microbiol., 26(10):1939-49, 1988.
16. INSTITUT PASTEUR - Milieux et Réactifs de Laboratoire Pasteur, Paris, Inst. Pasteur, 1978. p. 120, 141, 186.
17. KLOOS, W.E.; TORNABENET, G. & SCHLEIFER, K.H. - Isolation and characterization of micrococci from human skin, including two new species: Micrococcus lylae and Micrococcus kristinae.Lnt, J. syst. Bacteriol.; 24(1):79-101, 1974.
18. KLOOS, W.E. & SCHLEIFER, K.H. - Simplified scheme for routine identification of human Staphylococcus species. J. clin. Microbiol., 1(1): 82-8, 1975.
19. KLOOS, W,E.; SCHLEIFER, K.H. & SMITH R.F. Characterization of Staphylococcus sciuri sp. nov and its subspecies. Int. J. syst. Bacteriol..; 26:(1) 22-37, 1976.
20. KLOOS, W.E. & WOLFSHOHL, J.F. - Identification of Staphylococcus specics with the API STAPHIDENT system. J. clin: Microbiol.; 16(3):50916, 1982.
21. LA VERDIERE, M.; PETERSON, P.K.; VERHOEF, J.; WILLIAMS, D.N. & SABA TH L.D. - In vitro activity of cephalosporins against methicillin resistant, coagulase negative staphylococci. J. infect. Dis., 137:245-50, 1978.
22. MAC FADDIN, J.F. - Biochimical test for identificatlon of medical bactéria 2 ND, Baltimore & WILKINS, 1980. p. 51-8.
23. MARRIE, T.J.; KW AN, c., MOBLE, M.A.; WEST, A. & DUFFIELD, L. - Staphylococcus saprophyticus as a cause of urinary tract infections J. clln, Microbiol., 16(3):427-31, 1982.
24. MENDES, C.M.F.; GOES SIQUEIRA, L.F. & FRANCISCO, W. - Rapid automated identification of novobiocin resistent, coagulase-negative staphylococci. J. clin, Microbiot., 22.(2):316-7, 1987.
25. NICOLLE, L.E.; HOBAN, S.A. & HARDING, G.K.M. - Caracterization of coagulase-negative staphylococci from urinary tract specimes. J. clin. Microbiol.17(2):267-71, 1983.
26. PICKETT, D.A. & WELCH, D.F. - Recognition of Staphylococcus saprophyticus in urine cultures by screening colonies for production of phosphatase, J. clin. Microbiol., 21(3):310-3, 1985.
27. SACCHI, C.T.; TONDELLA, M.L.C.; BRANDILEONE, M.e.C.; MELLES, C.E.A. & PAULA, M.D.N. - Corynebacterium diphtheriae isolada de sangue. Rev, Inst. Adolfo Lutz, 45(1/2):73-9, 1985.
28. SCHLEIFER, K.H . .& KLOOS, W.E. - Isolation and characterization of staphylococci from human skin. r. Amended description of Staphylococcus epidemills and Staphylococcus saprophyticus and discriptions of three new species: Staphylococcus cohnii, Staphylococcus haemolyt icus and Staphylococcus xylosus.Int. J. syst. Bacteriol., 25:50-
61, 1975.
29. SCHLEIFER, K.H. & KLOOS, W.E. - A simple test system for lhe separation of staphylococci from micrococci. J. clin, Microbiol., 1(3):337-8, 1975.
30. SEWELL, e.M.; CLARRIDGE, J.E.; YOUNG, E.J.; & GUTI-IRIE, R.K. - Clinical significance of coagulase-negative staphylococci. J. clin. Mlcr obiol.,
16:236-9, 1982.
31. STEVENS, D.L.; JONES, e. - Use of trealosemanitol-phosphatase agar to differentiate Staphylococcus ep idermidls and Staphylococcus sapr oph yt icus from other coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. J. clin, Microbiol.20(5):977-80, 1984.
32. Subcommittee on taxonomy of staphylococci and micrococci recomendation. Int. Buli. Bacteriol, Nomencl., 15:109-10, 1965.
33. WILKINSON, B.J.; MAXWELL, S. & SCHAUS, S.M. - Classification and characteristics of coagulase-negative, methicillin-resistant staphylococci. J. clin, Mlcrobiol., 12:161-6, 1980.
2. BAILLEY, R.R. - Significance of coagulase negative St aph yl o c o cc us in urine. J. infect, Dls., 127: 179-82, 1973.
3. BAILEY, W.R. & SCOTI, E.G. - Diagnostic microbiology, St. Louis, C.V. Mosky Co.; 1966.
4. BAUER, A.W.; KIRBY, W.M.M.; SHERRIS, I.C. & TURCK, M. - Antibiotic suceptibi1ity resting by a standardized single disk method. Amer. J. clin.
Pathol., 45: 493-6, 1966.
5. CARPENTER, C.M.; SUHRLAND, L.G. & MORRISON, M. The oxalate salt of paminodimethylamine, an improved reagent for the oxidase test. Science , 1105: 649, 1947.
6. CRISTENSEN, G.D.; PARISI, I.T.; BISNO, A.L.; SltvlPSON, W.A. & BEACHEY, E,H. - Characterization of clinically significant strains of coagulase-negative staphylocoocci. J. clin, Microbiol., 18: 258-69, 1983.
7. COW AN, S.T. & STEEL, K.J. - Manual for the identification of medica! bacteria. Cambridge University Press, 1975. p. 167.
8. DIFCO LABORATORIES - Difco manual: medios de cultura des hi drat ados y reactions para microbiologia. 10' ed. Detroit, Mich., Difco, 1984. p. 263.
9. FLEURETTE, J. & BRUN, Y. - Rôlc en pathologie humaine de Staphylococcus epidermidls, etude. de 120 souches iisolées des 53 malades. Med. Mal. infect., 2:299-308, 1972.
10. GALEN, R.S. & GAMBINO, S.R. - Beyond normality: the predictive value and efficiency of medical diagnos es, New York, John Wiley, 1975. p. 115-6.
11. GILL, V.I.; SELEPAK, S.T. & WILLIAMS, E.C. Species identification and antibiotic susceptibilities of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from clinical specimes .. J. clin, Microbiol., 18 (6):1314-9, 1983.
12. GILLESPIE, W.A.; SELLIN, M.; GILL" P.; STEPHENS, M.; TUCKWELL, L.A. & HILTON, A.L.- Urinary tract infections in young women with special reference to Staphylococcus saprophyticus. J. clin, Pathol., 31.
13. GOLDSTEIN, J.; SCHULMAN, R.; KELLEY, E.; McKINLEY, G. & FUNG, J. - Effect of different media on determination of novobiocin resistence for differenciation of coagulase-negative staphylococci. J. clin, Microbioi.; 18:592-5 1983.
14. HEBERT, G.A.; COOKSEY, R.C.; CLARK x.c., HILL, B.C.; JARVIS, W.R. & THORNSBERRY, C. - Biotyping coagulase negative staphylococci. J.
clin. Microbiol., 26(10):1950-6, 1988.
15. HEBERT, G.A.; CROWDER, C.G.; HANCOCK, G.A.; JARVIS, W.R. & THORNSBERRY, C. - Characteristics of coagulase-negative that help differentiate these species and other membcrs of lhe family Micr oco ccaceae, J. clin, Microbiol., 26(10):1939-49, 1988.
16. INSTITUT PASTEUR - Milieux et Réactifs de Laboratoire Pasteur, Paris, Inst. Pasteur, 1978. p. 120, 141, 186.
17. KLOOS, W.E.; TORNABENET, G. & SCHLEIFER, K.H. - Isolation and characterization of micrococci from human skin, including two new species: Micrococcus lylae and Micrococcus kristinae.Lnt, J. syst. Bacteriol.; 24(1):79-101, 1974.
18. KLOOS, W.E. & SCHLEIFER, K.H. - Simplified scheme for routine identification of human Staphylococcus species. J. clin. Microbiol., 1(1): 82-8, 1975.
19. KLOOS, W,E.; SCHLEIFER, K.H. & SMITH R.F. Characterization of Staphylococcus sciuri sp. nov and its subspecies. Int. J. syst. Bacteriol..; 26:(1) 22-37, 1976.
20. KLOOS, W.E. & WOLFSHOHL, J.F. - Identification of Staphylococcus specics with the API STAPHIDENT system. J. clin: Microbiol.; 16(3):50916, 1982.
21. LA VERDIERE, M.; PETERSON, P.K.; VERHOEF, J.; WILLIAMS, D.N. & SABA TH L.D. - In vitro activity of cephalosporins against methicillin resistant, coagulase negative staphylococci. J. infect. Dis., 137:245-50, 1978.
22. MAC FADDIN, J.F. - Biochimical test for identificatlon of medical bactéria 2 ND, Baltimore & WILKINS, 1980. p. 51-8.
23. MARRIE, T.J.; KW AN, c., MOBLE, M.A.; WEST, A. & DUFFIELD, L. - Staphylococcus saprophyticus as a cause of urinary tract infections J. clln, Microbiol., 16(3):427-31, 1982.
24. MENDES, C.M.F.; GOES SIQUEIRA, L.F. & FRANCISCO, W. - Rapid automated identification of novobiocin resistent, coagulase-negative staphylococci. J. clin, Microbiot., 22.(2):316-7, 1987.
25. NICOLLE, L.E.; HOBAN, S.A. & HARDING, G.K.M. - Caracterization of coagulase-negative staphylococci from urinary tract specimes. J. clin. Microbiol.17(2):267-71, 1983.
26. PICKETT, D.A. & WELCH, D.F. - Recognition of Staphylococcus saprophyticus in urine cultures by screening colonies for production of phosphatase, J. clin. Microbiol., 21(3):310-3, 1985.
27. SACCHI, C.T.; TONDELLA, M.L.C.; BRANDILEONE, M.e.C.; MELLES, C.E.A. & PAULA, M.D.N. - Corynebacterium diphtheriae isolada de sangue. Rev, Inst. Adolfo Lutz, 45(1/2):73-9, 1985.
28. SCHLEIFER, K.H . .& KLOOS, W.E. - Isolation and characterization of staphylococci from human skin. r. Amended description of Staphylococcus epidemills and Staphylococcus saprophyticus and discriptions of three new species: Staphylococcus cohnii, Staphylococcus haemolyt icus and Staphylococcus xylosus.Int. J. syst. Bacteriol., 25:50-
61, 1975.
29. SCHLEIFER, K.H. & KLOOS, W.E. - A simple test system for lhe separation of staphylococci from micrococci. J. clin, Microbiol., 1(3):337-8, 1975.
30. SEWELL, e.M.; CLARRIDGE, J.E.; YOUNG, E.J.; & GUTI-IRIE, R.K. - Clinical significance of coagulase-negative staphylococci. J. clin. Mlcr obiol.,
16:236-9, 1982.
31. STEVENS, D.L.; JONES, e. - Use of trealosemanitol-phosphatase agar to differentiate Staphylococcus ep idermidls and Staphylococcus sapr oph yt icus from other coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. J. clin, Microbiol.20(5):977-80, 1984.
32. Subcommittee on taxonomy of staphylococci and micrococci recomendation. Int. Buli. Bacteriol, Nomencl., 15:109-10, 1965.
33. WILKINSON, B.J.; MAXWELL, S. & SCHAUS, S.M. - Classification and characteristics of coagulase-negative, methicillin-resistant staphylococci. J. clin, Mlcrobiol., 12:161-6, 1980.
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Copyright (c) 1989 Instituto Adolfo Lutz Journal
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