Abstract
After being reintroduced in the market, thalidomide has become the most effective drug in the treatment of erythema nodosum leprosum and a therapeutic option for several diseases, such as multiple myeloma. However, its increasing use, combined with systemic steroids and chemotherapy has also increased little recognized adverse effects, such as deep vein thrombosis.
References
1 ______________. Vigilância em Saúde: Dengue, Esquistossomose, Hanseníase, Malária, Tracoma e Tuberculose; Série A Cadernos de Atenção Básica n. 21. Brasília. Ministério da Saúde; 2007.
2 Foss NT, Souza CS, Goulart IMB, Gonçalves HS, Virmond M. Hanseníase: Episódios Reacionais. Projeto Diretrizes AMB, 2003. Acessado em 14 de julho de 2010. Disponível no site: http://www.projetodiretrizes.org.br/
3 Penna GO, Martelli CMT, Stefani MMA, Macedo VO, Maroja MF, Chaul A. Talidomida no tratamento do eritema nodoso hansênico: revisão sistemática dos ensaios clínicos e perspectivas de novas investigações. An Bras Dermatol. 2005;80(5):511-22.
4 Souza, CS. Hanseníase: formas clínicas e diagnóstico diferencial. Medicina, Ribeirão Preto 1997; 30: 325-34.
5 Vetrichevvel TP, Pise GA, Thappa DM. A case report of venous thrombosis in a leprosy patient treated with corticosteroid and thalidomide. Lepr Rev 2008; 79: 193-5.
6 Britton WJ, Lockwood DNJ. Leprosy. Lancet 2004; 363: 1209–1219.
7 Sharma, N. L., V. Sharma, et al. Deep vein thrombosis: a rare complication of thalidomide therapy in recurrent erythema nodosum leprosum. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis 2004; 72(4): 483-85.
8 Sharma NL, Sharma VC, Mahajan VK, Shanker V, Ranjan N, Gupta M. Thalidomide: An experience in therapeutic outcome and adverse reactions. Journal of Dermatological Treatment 2007; 18: 335–40.
9 Fabi SG, Hill C, Witherspoon JN, Boone SL, West DP. Frequency of thromboembolic events associated with thalidomide in the non-cancer setting: a case report and review of the literature. J Drugs Dermatol 2009; 8(8):765-9.
10 Sampaio EP, Kaplan G, Miranda A, Nery JA, Miguel CP, Viana SM, Sarno EN. The influence of thalidomide on the clinical and immunologic manifestation of erythema nodosum leprosum. J Infect Dis 1993:168:408-14.
11 Bennett et al Thalidomide-Associated Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism. The American Journal of Medicine 2002; 113: 603-6.
12 Rodeghiero F, Elice F. Thalidomide and Thrombosis. Pathophysiol Haemost Thomb 2003; (suppl 1):15-8.
13 D’Amico EA et al. Mieloma Múltiplo e distúrbios da hemostasia. Rev. bras. Hematol hemoter 2007; 29(1):92-7.
14 Zangari M, Anaissie E, Barlogie B et al. Increased risk of deep-vein thrombosis in patients with multiple myeloma receiving thalidomide and chemotherapy. Blood 2001; 98: 1614–5.
15 Rollo HA et al. Abordagem diagnóstica dos pacientes com suspeita de trombose venosa profunda dos membros inferiores. Artigo de Revisão. J Vasc Br 2005; 4(1):79-92.
16 Valentini A et al Edema na hanseníase: aspectos clínicos e terapêuticos. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 1999; 32(2):131-38.
17 Pfaltzgraff RE, Ramu G. Clinical leprosy. In: Hastings RC (ed) Leprosy. London, Churchill Livingstone, 2ª ed, p. 237-290,1994.
18 Jeffrey Zonder, MD Charles A Schiffer, MD Thrombotic complications following treatment with thalidomide and its analogues, 2010. Acessado em 07 de agosto de 2010. Disponível no site: https://www.uptodate.com
19 Glasmacher A, Hahn C, Hoffmann F, Naumann R, Goldschmidt H, von Lilienfeld-Toal M et al. A systematic review of phase-II trials of thalidomide monotherapy in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol 2006; 132: 584–93.
20 Medeiros S et al. Hansen’s disease in an HIV patient complicated by deep vein thrombosis: a rare complication of thalidomide therapy. European Journal of Dermatology. 2009; 19(3): 272-3.
2 Foss NT, Souza CS, Goulart IMB, Gonçalves HS, Virmond M. Hanseníase: Episódios Reacionais. Projeto Diretrizes AMB, 2003. Acessado em 14 de julho de 2010. Disponível no site: http://www.projetodiretrizes.org.br/
3 Penna GO, Martelli CMT, Stefani MMA, Macedo VO, Maroja MF, Chaul A. Talidomida no tratamento do eritema nodoso hansênico: revisão sistemática dos ensaios clínicos e perspectivas de novas investigações. An Bras Dermatol. 2005;80(5):511-22.
4 Souza, CS. Hanseníase: formas clínicas e diagnóstico diferencial. Medicina, Ribeirão Preto 1997; 30: 325-34.
5 Vetrichevvel TP, Pise GA, Thappa DM. A case report of venous thrombosis in a leprosy patient treated with corticosteroid and thalidomide. Lepr Rev 2008; 79: 193-5.
6 Britton WJ, Lockwood DNJ. Leprosy. Lancet 2004; 363: 1209–1219.
7 Sharma, N. L., V. Sharma, et al. Deep vein thrombosis: a rare complication of thalidomide therapy in recurrent erythema nodosum leprosum. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis 2004; 72(4): 483-85.
8 Sharma NL, Sharma VC, Mahajan VK, Shanker V, Ranjan N, Gupta M. Thalidomide: An experience in therapeutic outcome and adverse reactions. Journal of Dermatological Treatment 2007; 18: 335–40.
9 Fabi SG, Hill C, Witherspoon JN, Boone SL, West DP. Frequency of thromboembolic events associated with thalidomide in the non-cancer setting: a case report and review of the literature. J Drugs Dermatol 2009; 8(8):765-9.
10 Sampaio EP, Kaplan G, Miranda A, Nery JA, Miguel CP, Viana SM, Sarno EN. The influence of thalidomide on the clinical and immunologic manifestation of erythema nodosum leprosum. J Infect Dis 1993:168:408-14.
11 Bennett et al Thalidomide-Associated Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism. The American Journal of Medicine 2002; 113: 603-6.
12 Rodeghiero F, Elice F. Thalidomide and Thrombosis. Pathophysiol Haemost Thomb 2003; (suppl 1):15-8.
13 D’Amico EA et al. Mieloma Múltiplo e distúrbios da hemostasia. Rev. bras. Hematol hemoter 2007; 29(1):92-7.
14 Zangari M, Anaissie E, Barlogie B et al. Increased risk of deep-vein thrombosis in patients with multiple myeloma receiving thalidomide and chemotherapy. Blood 2001; 98: 1614–5.
15 Rollo HA et al. Abordagem diagnóstica dos pacientes com suspeita de trombose venosa profunda dos membros inferiores. Artigo de Revisão. J Vasc Br 2005; 4(1):79-92.
16 Valentini A et al Edema na hanseníase: aspectos clínicos e terapêuticos. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 1999; 32(2):131-38.
17 Pfaltzgraff RE, Ramu G. Clinical leprosy. In: Hastings RC (ed) Leprosy. London, Churchill Livingstone, 2ª ed, p. 237-290,1994.
18 Jeffrey Zonder, MD Charles A Schiffer, MD Thrombotic complications following treatment with thalidomide and its analogues, 2010. Acessado em 07 de agosto de 2010. Disponível no site: https://www.uptodate.com
19 Glasmacher A, Hahn C, Hoffmann F, Naumann R, Goldschmidt H, von Lilienfeld-Toal M et al. A systematic review of phase-II trials of thalidomide monotherapy in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol 2006; 132: 584–93.
20 Medeiros S et al. Hansen’s disease in an HIV patient complicated by deep vein thrombosis: a rare complication of thalidomide therapy. European Journal of Dermatology. 2009; 19(3): 272-3.
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