Aspectos epidemiológicos da transmissão da hanseníase em relação a exposição ao tatu

Patrícia Duarte Deps; Lorena Vidigal Faria; Valéria Cristina Gonçalves; Débora Azolin Silva; Cristine Gotardo Ventura; Eliana Zandonade

doi:10.47878/hi.2003.v28.36392

Authors

Patrícia Duarte Deps MD, PhD, Departamento de Medicina Social, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo.
Lorena Vidigal Faria MD, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória, ES.
Valéria Cristina Gonçalves MD, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória, ES.
Débora Azolin Silva MD, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória, ES
Cristine Gotardo Ventura MD, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória, ES.
Eliana Zandonade PhD, Departamento de Estatística, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47878/hi.2003.v28.36392

Keywords:

Leprosy, transmission, armadillo

Abstract

Introduction and purpose: Some authors demonstrated the possibility of the armadillos, Dasypus novemcinctus, being an environmental source of Mycobacterium leprae. An epidemiologic survey was done to check the correlation between the human contact with armadillos and the incidence
of leprosy. It discusses some features that could be involved in the dynamic process of the leprosy development. The objective of this research is to check the frequency of cases of leprosy contacts with armadillos and also the interhuman contact before their diagnosis to establish the possibility of the M. leprae transmission to the human being through the contact with armadillos. Methods: One hundred and seven leprosy patients were surveyed (leprosy patients that had finished the MDT treatment) who lived in the Pedro Fontes Colony-Hospital, in Cariacica, Espirito Santo State, Brazil, 29 leprosy patients and 173 non leprosy patients from a dermatology service of the city of Vitória, Brazil. The survey included data about the armadillo meat consumption before leprosy diagnosis, the existence of known cases and/or familial leprosy cases. The data were analyzed by Qui-square test, correlation and Exact Fischer Test. Results: 90.4% of the leprosy patients or cured leprosy patients had once eaten armadillo meat before their leprosy diagnosis, while 15% of the non leprosy patients had already eaten armadillo meat. In a group without leprosy contact before the diagnosis, 96,1% ate armadillo meat, and 3,9% didn't eat. This study supposes a possible source of the M. leprae by the armadillo meat consumption, mainly, in a leprosy patients without previous leprosy contact.

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