Keywords
Leprosy
ELISA
phenol-glyco-lipid - PGL-1
ELISA
phenol-glyco-lipid - PGL-1
How to Cite
1.
Brasil MTL, Oliveira LR de, Mello CS de, Nakamura PM, Manini MP, teiner D, Rotta O. Estudo da sensibilidade e especificidade do teste Elisa Anti PGL-1 no estado de São Paulo. Hansen. Int. [Internet]. 1997 Nov. 30 [cited 2024 Dec. 27];22(2):35-43. Available from: https://periodicos.saude.sp.gov.br/hansenologia/article/view/36449
Abstract
Serum tests for leprosy diagnosis, using phenol-glyco-lipid -1 considered to be a specific antigen of the M. leprae, has brought about some possibilities to the study of the epidemiological behavior of the disease. A study was performed to evaluate the sensibility and specificity of an ELISA anti PGL-1 test using Cuban material and techniques (UMELISA). Eightyfour patients and a control group with 112 persons were tested.
The sensibility of the test was larger for the multibacilar patients with higher levels for the cases classified as Lepromatous (L) followed by the Bordeline (B) ones. In the multibacilar group, considering a 0.200 cut-off level, it was observed that only 75.0% of the Lepromatous patients
and 50.0% of the Bordeline patients tested positive. For a 0.300 cut-off level, only 64.3% of the L patients and 40.0% of the B patients still tested positive. The undetermined form patients presented a larger rate of positive results than the tuberculoide form and that may be a hint of a
polarization of some cases of the multibacilar forms. The specificity of the test was 87.5% at the 0.200 cut-off level and 99.1% at 0.300. This test, as some others, presented high specificity and low sensibility, resulting a large percentage of false negative tests. As leprosy is a disease with few serum tests, it is found that further technological development of this test should be stimulated, although its indiscriminate use for large scale
screening of the general population is not recommended. This way, advances in the research of more sensitive and specific tools for early diagnosis could be reached allowing for efficient intervention on the transmission chain of the disease.
References
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ABREU-CASTELLS,E.G.;SEGREDO,A .C.;ALBERNAS, J. M.; BENCOMO,V.V. Comprobacion serologica de la actividad de um antigeno del M. leprae obtenido por sistesis quimica. Revista cubana - Medicina Tropical, v. 41(1), p. 10-17,1989.
BACH, M.A. ; WALLACH, D. ; FLAGEUL, B. ; et al . Antibodies to Phenolic Glycolipid-1 and to whole M. Leprae in leprosy patients: evolution during
therapy . int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobad. Dis., v. 54 (2), p. 256-276, 1986.
BRENNAN,P. J . & BARROW, W.W. - Evidence for species-specific lipid antigen of Mycobacterium leprae. Int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobact. Dis., v. 48, p. 382- 387, 1981.
BRETT,S.J.; DRAPER, P.; PAYNE,S.N.; REES,J.W. Serological activity of a characteristic phenolic glycolipid from M. leprae in sera from patients wi th leprosy and tuberculos is. Cl in. Exp. Immunol., v. 52, p. 271-279, 1983.BRETT, S.J.; PAYNE, S.N.; GIGG, J.; et al.Use of synthetic and immuno-dominant epitope of phenolic glycolipid-1 serology of leprosy. Clin. Exp. Immunol., v. 64, p. 476-483, 1986.
BUCHANAN, T.M.; YOUNG, D.B.; MILLER, R.a; KHANOLKAR, S.R. Serodiagnosis of infection with Mycobacterium leprae. Int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobact. Dis., v. 51(4), p. 524-530, 1983.
BURGESS,P.J.; FINE, P.E.M.; PONNINGHAUS,J.M.; DRAPER,C. Serological tests in leprosy. The sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of ELISA tests based on phenolic glycolipid antigens and the
implications for their use in epidemiological studies. Epidem. Inf.,v. 101, p. 159-171, 1988.
CALDWELL,H.D.; KIRCHHEIMER,W.F.; BUCHANAN, T.M. Identification of a Mycobacterium leprae specific protein antigen(s) and its possible aplication for the serodiagnosis of leprosy. Int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobact. Dis., v. 47(3): 477-483, 1979.
C HO, S . ; Y A N A G I H A R A , D. L . ; H U N T E R , S .W. ; GE LBE R, R.H. ; BRENNAN, P . J . Serological specificity of phenolic glycolipid-1 from Mycobacterium leprae and use in serodiagnosis of leprosy. Infectious and Immunity, v. 41(3), p. 1077-1083, 1983.
COPELAND, K.T.; CHECKOWAY,H.; McMICHAEL, A., J.; HOLBROOK, R.H. Bias due to misclassification in the estimation of relative risk. Am.J.
Epidem., v. 105(5), p. 488-495, 1977.
DAVID,H.L.; PAPA,F.; CRUAD,P.; et al. Relationship between titers of antibodies immunoreacting against glycolipid antigens from Mycobacterium
leprae and M. tuberculosis, tha Mitsuda and Mantoux reactions and bacteriological loads: implications in the pathogens, epidemiology and
serodiagnosis of leprosy and tuberculosis. Int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobact. Dis., v. 60 (2), p. 208-224, 1992.
DOUGLAS,J.T.; STEVEN,L.M.; FAJARDO, T.; et al. The effects of chemo-therapy on antibody levels in lepromatous patients. Lepr. Rev, v. 59, p. 127-135, 1988.
DOUGLAS,J.T.; STEVEN, L.M.; HIRCH,D.S.; Evaluation of four semisynthetic Mycobacterium leprae antigens with sera from healthy population in
endemic area. Lepr. Rev, v. 63, p.199-210, 1992.
FEINSTEIN, A . R. Clinical Epidemiology - part 6 - 601-609. W. B. Sanders Company. USA, 1985
FINE,P.E.M. - Leprosy: The epidemiology of a slow bacterium. Epidem. Rev., v. 4, p. 161-188, 1982.
FOSS,N.T.; CALLERA,F.; ALBERTO, F.L. Anti PGL-1 levels in leprosy patients and their contacts. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res., v. 26, p. 43-51, 1993.
FUJIWARA,T. HUNTER,S.W. ; CHO,S.; ASPINAL,G.O .; BRENNAN,P.J. Chemical synthesis and serology of dissacharides and trissacharides of phenolic glycolipid antigens from the Leprosy bacillus and preparations of a dissacharide protein conjugate for serodiagnosis of leprosy. Infection and Immunity, v. 43(10), p.245-252, 1984.
HARBOE,M.; CLOSS,º BJUNG, G.; KRONVALL,G.; AXELSEN,N.H.- Mycobacterium leprae specific antibodies detected by radio immunoassay. Scand. J. Immunol., v. 7, p. 11-20, 1978.
HUNTER,S.W.; BRENNAN,P. J. A novel Phenolic Glycolipid from Mycobacterium leprae. Possible involved in immunogenicity and pathogenicity.
J. Bacteriol., v. 147(3), p. 728-735,1981.
HUNTER,S.W. ; FUGIWARA,T. ; BRENNAN,P.J. Structure and antigenicity of the major specific glycolipid antigen of Mycobacterium leprae. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, v. 257(24), p. 15072-15078, 1982.
KRONVALL,G. - The potential of immunological tests as a tool in the epidemiology of leprosy. Lepr. Rev., v. 52 (suppl 1), p. 207-219, 1981.
LAFERTE,J.; ABREU,E.G.; ROBAINA,R.; VEREZA, V. Ultramicroelisa para la detección de anticuerpos IgM anti M. leprae. Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. São
Paulo, v. 33(6), p. 491-495, 1991.
LANCET ( Anonymous) - Serological tests for leprosy. The Lancet, v. 8, p. 533- 535, 1986. (Editorial)
MENZEL,S.; HARBOE,M.; BERGSVIK,H.; BRENNAN, P.J. - Antibodies to a synthetic analog of phenolic glycolipid-1 of M. leprae in the healthy house-hold
contacts of patients with leprosy. Int. J. Lepr Other Mycobact. Dis., v. 55, p. 617-625, 1987.
PAYNE, N.S.;DRAPER,P.;REES,R.J.W.- Serological activity of purified glycolipid from Mycobacterium leprae. Int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobact. Dis., v. 50(2), p. 220-221, 1982.
REPKA,J.C.D.;BRANA,L.R.;FABRICIO,L.H.; et al. Imu-nologia na hanseníase - Aspectos de avaliação imunológica no tratamento. Arq. Biol. Tecnol., v.
34(1), p. 53-60, 1991.
SAAD,M.H.F.;MEDEIROS,M.A.; GALLO, M.E.N.; et al. IgM immunoglobulins reacting with the phenolic glycolipid-1 antigen from M. leprae in sera of
leprosy patients and contacts. Mem. Inst. O. Cruz, v. 85(2):191-194,1990.
SOEBONO,H. & KLATSER,P.R. - A seroepidemiological study of leprosy in high and low endemic Indonesian villages. Int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobact.
Dis., v. 59, 416-425, 1991.
TOUW,J.; LANGNDIJK, E.M.J.; STONER, G.L.; BELIHU,A. Humoral immunity in leprosy: immunoglobulin G and M antibody responses to Mycobacterium leprae in relation to various disease patterns. Infect. Immunit., v. 36(3), p. 885-892, 1982.
YAMASHITA, J.T.; CRUAD, P.; ROTTA, O.; DAVID, L.H.; - Circulating immune complexes in leprosy sera: demonstration of antibodies against mycobacterial glycolipid antigens in isolated immune complexes. Int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobact. Dis., v. 61(1), p.44-50,1993.
YOUNG, D.B.; DESSANAYAKE, S.; MILLER, R.A.; KHANOLKAR, S.; BUCHANAN, T.M. - Humans respond predominantly with IgM immunoglobulin to the species-specific glycolipid of Mycobacterium leprae. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, v. 149(6), p. 870-874, 1984.
YOUNG, D.B.; HARNISH, I.; KNIGHT, J.; BUCHANAN, T.M.- Detection of phenolic glycolipid-1 in sera from patients with lepromatous leprosy. The Journal of Infectious diseases, v. 152 (5),p. 1078-1081, 1985.
ABREU-CASTELLS,E.G.;SEGREDO,A .C.;ALBERNAS, J. M.; BENCOMO,V.V. Comprobacion serologica de la actividad de um antigeno del M. leprae obtenido por sistesis quimica. Revista cubana - Medicina Tropical, v. 41(1), p. 10-17,1989.
BACH, M.A. ; WALLACH, D. ; FLAGEUL, B. ; et al . Antibodies to Phenolic Glycolipid-1 and to whole M. Leprae in leprosy patients: evolution during
therapy . int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobad. Dis., v. 54 (2), p. 256-276, 1986.
BRENNAN,P. J . & BARROW, W.W. - Evidence for species-specific lipid antigen of Mycobacterium leprae. Int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobact. Dis., v. 48, p. 382- 387, 1981.
BRETT,S.J.; DRAPER, P.; PAYNE,S.N.; REES,J.W. Serological activity of a characteristic phenolic glycolipid from M. leprae in sera from patients wi th leprosy and tuberculos is. Cl in. Exp. Immunol., v. 52, p. 271-279, 1983.BRETT, S.J.; PAYNE, S.N.; GIGG, J.; et al.Use of synthetic and immuno-dominant epitope of phenolic glycolipid-1 serology of leprosy. Clin. Exp. Immunol., v. 64, p. 476-483, 1986.
BUCHANAN, T.M.; YOUNG, D.B.; MILLER, R.a; KHANOLKAR, S.R. Serodiagnosis of infection with Mycobacterium leprae. Int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobact. Dis., v. 51(4), p. 524-530, 1983.
BURGESS,P.J.; FINE, P.E.M.; PONNINGHAUS,J.M.; DRAPER,C. Serological tests in leprosy. The sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of ELISA tests based on phenolic glycolipid antigens and the
implications for their use in epidemiological studies. Epidem. Inf.,v. 101, p. 159-171, 1988.
CALDWELL,H.D.; KIRCHHEIMER,W.F.; BUCHANAN, T.M. Identification of a Mycobacterium leprae specific protein antigen(s) and its possible aplication for the serodiagnosis of leprosy. Int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobact. Dis., v. 47(3): 477-483, 1979.
C HO, S . ; Y A N A G I H A R A , D. L . ; H U N T E R , S .W. ; GE LBE R, R.H. ; BRENNAN, P . J . Serological specificity of phenolic glycolipid-1 from Mycobacterium leprae and use in serodiagnosis of leprosy. Infectious and Immunity, v. 41(3), p. 1077-1083, 1983.
COPELAND, K.T.; CHECKOWAY,H.; McMICHAEL, A., J.; HOLBROOK, R.H. Bias due to misclassification in the estimation of relative risk. Am.J.
Epidem., v. 105(5), p. 488-495, 1977.
DAVID,H.L.; PAPA,F.; CRUAD,P.; et al. Relationship between titers of antibodies immunoreacting against glycolipid antigens from Mycobacterium
leprae and M. tuberculosis, tha Mitsuda and Mantoux reactions and bacteriological loads: implications in the pathogens, epidemiology and
serodiagnosis of leprosy and tuberculosis. Int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobact. Dis., v. 60 (2), p. 208-224, 1992.
DOUGLAS,J.T.; STEVEN,L.M.; FAJARDO, T.; et al. The effects of chemo-therapy on antibody levels in lepromatous patients. Lepr. Rev, v. 59, p. 127-135, 1988.
DOUGLAS,J.T.; STEVEN, L.M.; HIRCH,D.S.; Evaluation of four semisynthetic Mycobacterium leprae antigens with sera from healthy population in
endemic area. Lepr. Rev, v. 63, p.199-210, 1992.
FEINSTEIN, A . R. Clinical Epidemiology - part 6 - 601-609. W. B. Sanders Company. USA, 1985
FINE,P.E.M. - Leprosy: The epidemiology of a slow bacterium. Epidem. Rev., v. 4, p. 161-188, 1982.
FOSS,N.T.; CALLERA,F.; ALBERTO, F.L. Anti PGL-1 levels in leprosy patients and their contacts. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res., v. 26, p. 43-51, 1993.
FUJIWARA,T. HUNTER,S.W. ; CHO,S.; ASPINAL,G.O .; BRENNAN,P.J. Chemical synthesis and serology of dissacharides and trissacharides of phenolic glycolipid antigens from the Leprosy bacillus and preparations of a dissacharide protein conjugate for serodiagnosis of leprosy. Infection and Immunity, v. 43(10), p.245-252, 1984.
HARBOE,M.; CLOSS,º BJUNG, G.; KRONVALL,G.; AXELSEN,N.H.- Mycobacterium leprae specific antibodies detected by radio immunoassay. Scand. J. Immunol., v. 7, p. 11-20, 1978.
HUNTER,S.W.; BRENNAN,P. J. A novel Phenolic Glycolipid from Mycobacterium leprae. Possible involved in immunogenicity and pathogenicity.
J. Bacteriol., v. 147(3), p. 728-735,1981.
HUNTER,S.W. ; FUGIWARA,T. ; BRENNAN,P.J. Structure and antigenicity of the major specific glycolipid antigen of Mycobacterium leprae. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, v. 257(24), p. 15072-15078, 1982.
KRONVALL,G. - The potential of immunological tests as a tool in the epidemiology of leprosy. Lepr. Rev., v. 52 (suppl 1), p. 207-219, 1981.
LAFERTE,J.; ABREU,E.G.; ROBAINA,R.; VEREZA, V. Ultramicroelisa para la detección de anticuerpos IgM anti M. leprae. Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. São
Paulo, v. 33(6), p. 491-495, 1991.
LANCET ( Anonymous) - Serological tests for leprosy. The Lancet, v. 8, p. 533- 535, 1986. (Editorial)
MENZEL,S.; HARBOE,M.; BERGSVIK,H.; BRENNAN, P.J. - Antibodies to a synthetic analog of phenolic glycolipid-1 of M. leprae in the healthy house-hold
contacts of patients with leprosy. Int. J. Lepr Other Mycobact. Dis., v. 55, p. 617-625, 1987.
PAYNE, N.S.;DRAPER,P.;REES,R.J.W.- Serological activity of purified glycolipid from Mycobacterium leprae. Int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobact. Dis., v. 50(2), p. 220-221, 1982.
REPKA,J.C.D.;BRANA,L.R.;FABRICIO,L.H.; et al. Imu-nologia na hanseníase - Aspectos de avaliação imunológica no tratamento. Arq. Biol. Tecnol., v.
34(1), p. 53-60, 1991.
SAAD,M.H.F.;MEDEIROS,M.A.; GALLO, M.E.N.; et al. IgM immunoglobulins reacting with the phenolic glycolipid-1 antigen from M. leprae in sera of
leprosy patients and contacts. Mem. Inst. O. Cruz, v. 85(2):191-194,1990.
SOEBONO,H. & KLATSER,P.R. - A seroepidemiological study of leprosy in high and low endemic Indonesian villages. Int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobact.
Dis., v. 59, 416-425, 1991.
TOUW,J.; LANGNDIJK, E.M.J.; STONER, G.L.; BELIHU,A. Humoral immunity in leprosy: immunoglobulin G and M antibody responses to Mycobacterium leprae in relation to various disease patterns. Infect. Immunit., v. 36(3), p. 885-892, 1982.
YAMASHITA, J.T.; CRUAD, P.; ROTTA, O.; DAVID, L.H.; - Circulating immune complexes in leprosy sera: demonstration of antibodies against mycobacterial glycolipid antigens in isolated immune complexes. Int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobact. Dis., v. 61(1), p.44-50,1993.
YOUNG, D.B.; DESSANAYAKE, S.; MILLER, R.A.; KHANOLKAR, S.; BUCHANAN, T.M. - Humans respond predominantly with IgM immunoglobulin to the species-specific glycolipid of Mycobacterium leprae. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, v. 149(6), p. 870-874, 1984.
YOUNG, D.B.; HARNISH, I.; KNIGHT, J.; BUCHANAN, T.M.- Detection of phenolic glycolipid-1 in sera from patients with lepromatous leprosy. The Journal of Infectious diseases, v. 152 (5),p. 1078-1081, 1985.
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