Abstract
The study aimed to modify, optimize and evaluate through a comparative study a method for extraction of light filth from turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) and paprika (Capsicum annuum L.) samples. Ten samples of turmeric and twenty samples of paprika were analyzed. The pretreatment steps of the AOAC methods, 975.49 (16.14.05) for turmeric and 977.25b (16.14.22) for paprika, were modified by adding the Soxhlet extractor. The evaluation of the analytical performance was carried out by comparing the results of the method recoveries. The average recovery for turmeric using the AOAC method was 91.9% for insect fragments and 97.0% for rodent hair. While using modified method, it was 89.6% and 97.4%, respectively. For paprika, using the original method, the average recovery was 93.1% for fragments and 96.5% for hair; and after the modifications, the average was, 92.2% and 93.1%, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the methods. Despite the longer analysis time, the modified method has advantages such as: allowing simultaneous analysis, low complexity, 57% solvent economy and satisfactory performance; proving to be an alternative for light filth research in the studied spices.
References
1. Ganjre A, Kathariya R, Bagul N, Pawar V. Anti-carcinogenic and anti-bacterial properties of selected spices: implications in oral health. Clin Nutr Res. 2015;4(4):209-15. https://doi.org/10.7762/cnr.2015.4.4.209
2. Mathew AG. Natural food flavors and colorants. 2.ed. John Wiley & Sons; 2017.
3. Atui MB, Castejon MJ, Yamashiro R, De Lucca T, Flinn PW. Condições higiênico-sanitárias da pimenta do reino em pó (Piper nigrum L.) com o emprego de duas diferentes técnicas para detecção de sujidades leves. Rev Inst Adolfo Lutz. 2009;68(1):96-101. Disponível em: https://periodicos.saude.sp.gov.br/index.php/RIAL/article/view/32748
4. Correia M, Daros VSMG, Silva RP. Matérias estranhas em canela em pó e páprica em pó, comercializadas no estado de São Paulo. Cienc Tecnol Aliment. 2000;20(3):375-80. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-20612000000300016
5. Association of Official Analytical Collaboration (AOAC) International – AOAC International. Extraneous Materials: Isolation. In: Latimer GW, organized. Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International; 2016.
6. Ministério da Saúde (BR). Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. Resolução RDC n. 14, de 28 de marco de 2014. Dispõe sobre matérias estranhas macroscópicas e microscópicas em alimentos e bebidas, seus limites de tolerância e da outras providencias. Diário Oficial da União. Brasília, DF, 31 mar 2014. Seção 1(61):58-61.
7. Dent RG. Elements of filth detection. In: Gorham JR, editor. Principles of food analyses for filth decomposition and foreign matter. 2.ed. Washinton, DC: FDA; 1981.
8. Anastas PT, Warner JC. Green chemistry: theory and practice. New York: Oxford University Press;1998.
9. Anastas P, Eghbali N. Green chemistry: principles and practice. Chem Soc Rev. 2010;39(1):301-12. https://doi.org/10.1039/B918763B
10. Luque de Castro MD, Priego-Capote F. Soxhlet extraction: past and present panacea. J Chromatogr A. 2010;1217(16):2383-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.027
11. Alara OR, Abdurahman NH, Ukaegbu CI. Soxhlet extraction of phenolic compounds from Vernonia cinerea leaves and its antioxidant activity. J Appl Res Med Aromat Plants. 2018;11:12-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmap.2018.07.003
12. Dimov MN, Silveira VR, Elian SN, Penteado MVC. Extração de sujidades leves em farinha de trigo integral: validação de metodologia. Rev Inst Adolfo Lutz. 2004;63(1):91-6. Disponível em:
https://periodicos.saude.sp.gov.br/index.php/RIAL/article/view/34799
13. Brickey PM. Gecan JS, Thrasher JJ, Eisenberg WV. Notes on Microanalytical Techniques in the Analysis of Foods for Extraneous Materials. J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1968;51(4):872-6. https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/51.4.872
14. Teerink BJ. Hair of West-European Mammals. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press; 1991.
15. Glaze LE, Bryce, JR. Extraction of light filth from whole wheat flour, flotation method: collaborative study. J AOAC Int. 1994;77(5):1150-2.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2021 Instituto Adolfo Lutz Journal